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- .gitattributes +0 -0
- README.md +285 -0
- README_ZH.md +274 -0
- compare.py +143 -0
- data/20250806/ebook_0806.jsonl +70 -0
- data/20250806/paper_0806.jsonl +70 -0
- data/20250806/textbook_0806.jsonl +71 -0
- data/20251022/ebook_1022.jsonl +0 -0
- data/20251022/paper_1022.jsonl +0 -0
- data/20251022/textbook_1022.jsonl +46 -0
- images/ebook_example.png +3 -0
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README.md
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| 1 |
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---
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license: cc-by-4.0
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language:
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- en
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- zh
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viewer: true
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configs:
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- config_name: default
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data_files:
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- split: val
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path: data/**/*.jsonl
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---
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# ScienceMetaBench
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[English](README.md) | [中文](README_ZH.md)
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🤗 [HuggingFace Dataset](https://huggingface.co/datasets/opendatalab/ScienceMetaBench) | 💻 [GitHub Repository](https://github.com/DataEval/ScienceMetaBench)
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ScienceMetaBench is a benchmark dataset for evaluating the accuracy of metadata extraction from scientific literature PDF files. The dataset covers three major categories: academic papers, textbooks, and ebooks, and can be used to assess the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) or other information extraction systems.
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## 📊 Dataset Overview
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### Data Types
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This benchmark includes three types of scientific literature:
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1. **Papers**
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- Mainly from academic journals and conferences
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- Contains academic metadata such as DOI, keywords, etc.
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2. **Textbooks**
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- Formally published textbooks
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- Includes ISBN, publisher, and other publication information
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3. **Ebooks**
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- Digitized historical documents and books
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- Covers multiple languages and disciplines
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### Data Batches
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This benchmark has undergone two rounds of data expansion, with each round adding new sample data:
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```
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data/
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├── 20250806/ # First batch (August 6, 2024)
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│ ├── ebook_0806.jsonl
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│ ├── paper_0806.jsonl
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│ └── textbook_0806.jsonl
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└── 20251022/ # Second batch (October 22, 2024)
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├── ebook_1022.jsonl
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├── paper_1022.jsonl
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└── textbook_1022.jsonl
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```
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**Note**: The two batches of data complement each other to form a complete benchmark dataset. You can choose to use a single batch or merge them as needed.
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### PDF Files
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The `pdf/` directory contains the original PDF files corresponding to the benchmark data, with a directory structure consistent with the `data/` directory.
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**File Naming Convention**: All PDF files are named using their SHA256 hash values, in the format `{sha256}.pdf`. This naming scheme ensures file uniqueness and traceability, making it easy to locate the corresponding source file using the `sha256` field in the JSONL data.
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## 📝 Data Format
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All data files are in JSONL format (one JSON object per line).
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### Academic Paper Fields
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```json
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{
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"sha256": "SHA256 hash of the file",
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"origin_path": "Original path of the PDF file",
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"doi": "Digital Object Identifier",
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"title": "Paper title",
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"author": "Author name",
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"keyword": "Keywords (comma-separated)",
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"abstract": "Abstract content",
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"pub_time": "Publication year"
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}
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```
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### Textbook/Ebook Fields
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| 83 |
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```json
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{
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"sha256": "SHA256 hash of the file",
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"origin_path": "Original path of the PDF file",
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"isbn": "International Standard Book Number",
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"title": "Book title",
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"author": "Author name",
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"abstract": "Introduction/abstract",
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"category": "Classification number (e.g., Chinese Library Classification)",
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"pub_time": "Publication year",
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"publisher": "Publisher"
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}
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```
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## 📖 Data Examples
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### Academic Paper Example
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The following image shows an example of metadata fields extracted from an academic paper PDF:
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As shown in the image, the following key information needs to be extracted from the paper's first page:
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- **DOI**: Digital Object Identifier (e.g., `10.1186/s41038-017-0090-z`)
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- **Title**: Paper title
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- **Author**: Author name
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- **Keyword**: List of keywords
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- **Abstract**: Paper abstract
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- **pub_time**: Publication time (usually the year)
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### Textbook/Ebook Example
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The following image shows an example of metadata fields extracted from the copyright page of a Chinese ebook PDF:
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As shown in the image, the following key information needs to be extracted from the book's copyright page:
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- **ISBN**: International Standard Book Number (e.g., `978-7-5385-8594-0`)
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- **Title**: Book title
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- **Author**: Author/editor name
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- **Publisher**: Publisher name
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- **pub_time**: Publication time (year)
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- **Category**: Book classification number
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- **Abstract**: Content introduction (if available)
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These examples demonstrate the core task of the benchmark test: accurately extracting structured metadata information from PDF documents in various formats and languages.
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## 📊 Evaluation Metrics
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### Core Evaluation Metrics
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This benchmark uses a string similarity-based evaluation method, providing two core metrics:
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### Similarity Calculation Rules
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This benchmark uses a string similarity algorithm based on `SequenceMatcher`, with the following specific rules:
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1. **Empty Value Handling**: One is empty and the other is not → similarity is 0
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2. **Complete Match**: Both are identical (including both being empty) → similarity is 1
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3. **Case Insensitive**: Convert to lowercase before comparison
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4. **Sequence Matching**: Use longest common subsequence algorithm to calculate similarity (range: 0-1)
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**Similarity Score Interpretation**:
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| 147 |
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- `1.0`: Perfect match
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| 148 |
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- `0.8-0.99`: Highly similar (may have minor formatting differences)
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| 149 |
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- `0.5-0.79`: Partial match (extracted main information but incomplete)
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| 150 |
+
- `0.0-0.49`: Low similarity (extraction result differs significantly from ground truth)
|
| 151 |
+
|
| 152 |
+
#### 1. Field-level Accuracy
|
| 153 |
+
|
| 154 |
+
**Definition**: The average similarity score for each metadata field.
|
| 155 |
+
|
| 156 |
+
**Calculation Method**:
|
| 157 |
+
```
|
| 158 |
+
Field-level Accuracy = Σ(similarity of that field across all samples) / total number of samples
|
| 159 |
+
```
|
| 160 |
+
|
| 161 |
+
**Example**: Suppose evaluating the `title` field on 100 samples, the sum of title similarity for each sample divided by 100 gives the accuracy for that field.
|
| 162 |
+
|
| 163 |
+
**Use Cases**:
|
| 164 |
+
- Identify which fields the model performs well or poorly on
|
| 165 |
+
- Optimize extraction capabilities for specific fields
|
| 166 |
+
- For example: If `doi` accuracy is 0.95 and `abstract` accuracy is 0.75, the model needs improvement in extracting abstracts
|
| 167 |
+
|
| 168 |
+
#### 2. Overall Accuracy
|
| 169 |
+
|
| 170 |
+
**Definition**: The average of all evaluated field accuracies, reflecting the model's overall performance.
|
| 171 |
+
|
| 172 |
+
**Calculation Method**:
|
| 173 |
+
```
|
| 174 |
+
Overall Accuracy = Σ(field-level accuracies) / total number of fields
|
| 175 |
+
```
|
| 176 |
+
|
| 177 |
+
**Example**: Evaluating 7 fields (isbn, title, author, abstract, category, pub_time, publisher), sum these 7 field accuracies and divide by 7.
|
| 178 |
+
|
| 179 |
+
**Use Cases**:
|
| 180 |
+
- Provide a single quantitative metric for overall model performance
|
| 181 |
+
- Facilitate horizontal comparison between different models or methods
|
| 182 |
+
- Serve as an overall objective for model optimization
|
| 183 |
+
|
| 184 |
+
### Using the Evaluation Script
|
| 185 |
+
|
| 186 |
+
`compare.py` provides a convenient evaluation interface:
|
| 187 |
+
|
| 188 |
+
```python
|
| 189 |
+
from compare import main, write_similarity_data_to_excel
|
| 190 |
+
|
| 191 |
+
# Define file paths and fields to compare
|
| 192 |
+
file_llm = 'data/llm-label_textbook.jsonl' # LLM extraction results
|
| 193 |
+
file_bench = 'data/benchmark_textbook.jsonl' # Benchmark data
|
| 194 |
+
|
| 195 |
+
# For textbooks/ebooks
|
| 196 |
+
key_list = ['isbn', 'title', 'author', 'abstract', 'category', 'pub_time', 'publisher']
|
| 197 |
+
|
| 198 |
+
# For academic papers
|
| 199 |
+
# key_list = ['doi', 'title', 'author', 'keyword', 'abstract', 'pub_time']
|
| 200 |
+
|
| 201 |
+
# Run evaluation and get metrics
|
| 202 |
+
accuracy, key_accuracy, detail_data = main(file_llm, file_bench, key_list)
|
| 203 |
+
|
| 204 |
+
# Output results to Excel (optional)
|
| 205 |
+
write_similarity_data_to_excel(key_list, detail_data, "similarity_analysis.xlsx")
|
| 206 |
+
|
| 207 |
+
# View evaluation metrics
|
| 208 |
+
print("Field-level Accuracy:", key_accuracy)
|
| 209 |
+
print("Overall Accuracy:", accuracy)
|
| 210 |
+
```
|
| 211 |
+
|
| 212 |
+
### Output Files
|
| 213 |
+
|
| 214 |
+
The script generates an Excel file containing detailed sample-by-sample analysis:
|
| 215 |
+
|
| 216 |
+
- `sha256`: File identifier
|
| 217 |
+
- `origin_path`: Original file path
|
| 218 |
+
- For each field (e.g., `title`):
|
| 219 |
+
- `llm_title`: LLM extraction result
|
| 220 |
+
- `benchmark_title`: Benchmark data
|
| 221 |
+
- `similarity_title`: Similarity score (0-1)
|
| 222 |
+
|
| 223 |
+
## 📈 Statistics
|
| 224 |
+
|
| 225 |
+
### Data Scale
|
| 226 |
+
|
| 227 |
+
**First Batch (20250806)**:
|
| 228 |
+
- **Ebooks**: 70 records
|
| 229 |
+
- **Academic Papers**: 70 records
|
| 230 |
+
- **Textbooks**: 71 records
|
| 231 |
+
- **Subtotal**: 211 records
|
| 232 |
+
|
| 233 |
+
**Second Batch (20251022)**:
|
| 234 |
+
- **Ebooks**: 354 records
|
| 235 |
+
- **Academic Papers**: 399 records
|
| 236 |
+
- **Textbooks**: 46 records
|
| 237 |
+
- **Subtotal**: 799 records
|
| 238 |
+
|
| 239 |
+
**Total**: 1010 benchmark test records
|
| 240 |
+
|
| 241 |
+
The data covers multiple languages (English, Chinese, German, Greek, etc.) and multiple disciplines, with both batches together providing a rich and diverse set of test samples.
|
| 242 |
+
|
| 243 |
+
## 🎯 Application Scenarios
|
| 244 |
+
|
| 245 |
+
1. **LLM Performance Evaluation**: Assess the ability of large language models to extract metadata from PDFs
|
| 246 |
+
2. **Information Extraction System Testing**: Test the accuracy of OCR, document parsing, and other systems
|
| 247 |
+
3. **Model Fine-tuning**: Use as training or fine-tuning data to improve model information extraction capabilities
|
| 248 |
+
4. **Cross-lingual Capability Evaluation**: Evaluate the model's ability to process multilingual literature
|
| 249 |
+
|
| 250 |
+
## 🔬 Data Characteristics
|
| 251 |
+
|
| 252 |
+
- ✅ **Real Data**: Real metadata extracted from actual PDF files
|
| 253 |
+
- ✅ **Diversity**: Covers literature from different eras, languages, and disciplines
|
| 254 |
+
- ✅ **Challenging**: Includes ancient texts, non-English literature, complex layouts, and other difficult cases
|
| 255 |
+
- ✅ **Traceable**: Each record includes SHA256 hash and original path
|
| 256 |
+
|
| 257 |
+
## 📋 Dependencies
|
| 258 |
+
|
| 259 |
+
```python
|
| 260 |
+
pandas>=1.3.0
|
| 261 |
+
openpyxl>=3.0.0
|
| 262 |
+
```
|
| 263 |
+
|
| 264 |
+
Install dependencies:
|
| 265 |
+
|
| 266 |
+
```bash
|
| 267 |
+
pip install pandas openpyxl
|
| 268 |
+
```
|
| 269 |
+
|
| 270 |
+
## 🤝 Contributing
|
| 271 |
+
|
| 272 |
+
If you would like to:
|
| 273 |
+
- Report data errors
|
| 274 |
+
- Add new evaluation dimensions
|
| 275 |
+
- Expand the dataset
|
| 276 |
+
|
| 277 |
+
Please submit an Issue or Pull Request.
|
| 278 |
+
|
| 279 |
+
## 📧 Contact
|
| 280 |
+
|
| 281 |
+
If you have questions or suggestions, please contact us through Issues.
|
| 282 |
+
|
| 283 |
+
---
|
| 284 |
+
|
| 285 |
+
**Last Updated**: December 26, 2025
|
README_ZH.md
ADDED
|
@@ -0,0 +1,274 @@
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|
|
|
|
| 1 |
+
# ScienceMetaBench
|
| 2 |
+
|
| 3 |
+
[English](README.md) | [中文](README_ZH.md)
|
| 4 |
+
|
| 5 |
+
🤗 [HuggingFace Dataset](https://huggingface.co/datasets/opendatalab/ScienceMetaBench) | 💻 [GitHub Repository](https://github.com/DataEval/ScienceMetaBench)
|
| 6 |
+
|
| 7 |
+
ScienceMetaBench 是一个用于评估从 PDF 文件中提取科学文献元数据准确性的基准测试数据集。该数据集涵盖学术论文、教材和电子书三大类别,可用于评估大语言模型(LLM)或其他信息提取系统的性能。
|
| 8 |
+
|
| 9 |
+
## 📊 数据集概览
|
| 10 |
+
|
| 11 |
+
### 数据类型
|
| 12 |
+
|
| 13 |
+
本基准测试包含三种类型的科学文献:
|
| 14 |
+
|
| 15 |
+
1. **学术论文 (Paper)**
|
| 16 |
+
- 主要来自学术期刊和会议
|
| 17 |
+
- 包含 DOI、关键词等学术元数据
|
| 18 |
+
|
| 19 |
+
2. **教材 (Textbook)**
|
| 20 |
+
- 正式出版的教科书
|
| 21 |
+
- 包含 ISBN、出版社等出版信息
|
| 22 |
+
|
| 23 |
+
3. **电子书 (Ebook)**
|
| 24 |
+
- 数字化的历史文献和图书
|
| 25 |
+
- 覆盖多语言、多学科领域
|
| 26 |
+
|
| 27 |
+
### 数据批次
|
| 28 |
+
|
| 29 |
+
本基准测试经过两次数据扩充,每次扩充都增加了新的样本数据:
|
| 30 |
+
|
| 31 |
+
```
|
| 32 |
+
data/
|
| 33 |
+
├── 20250806/ # 第一批数据(2024年8月6日)
|
| 34 |
+
│ ├── ebook_0806.jsonl
|
| 35 |
+
│ ├── paper_0806.jsonl
|
| 36 |
+
│ └── textbook_0806.jsonl
|
| 37 |
+
└── 20251022/ # 第二批数据(2024年10月22日)
|
| 38 |
+
├── ebook_1022.jsonl
|
| 39 |
+
├── paper_1022.jsonl
|
| 40 |
+
└── textbook_1022.jsonl
|
| 41 |
+
```
|
| 42 |
+
|
| 43 |
+
**注**:两批数据相互补充,共同构成完整的基准测试数据集,可根据需要选择使用单批或合并使用。
|
| 44 |
+
|
| 45 |
+
### PDF 文件
|
| 46 |
+
|
| 47 |
+
`pdf/` 目录包含与基准数据对应的原始 PDF 文件,目录结构与 `data/` 目录保持一致。
|
| 48 |
+
|
| 49 |
+
**文件命名规则**:所有 PDF 文件以其 SHA256 哈希值命名,格式为 `{sha256}.pdf`。这种命名方式确保了文件的唯一性和可追溯性,便于通过 JSONL 数据中的 `sha256` 字段定位对应的源文件。
|
| 50 |
+
|
| 51 |
+
## 📝 数据格式
|
| 52 |
+
|
| 53 |
+
所有数据文件采用 JSONL 格式(每行一个 JSON 对象)。
|
| 54 |
+
|
| 55 |
+
### 学术论文字段
|
| 56 |
+
|
| 57 |
+
```json
|
| 58 |
+
{
|
| 59 |
+
"sha256": "文件的 SHA256 哈希值",
|
| 60 |
+
"origin_path": "PDF 文件的原始路径",
|
| 61 |
+
"doi": "数字对象标识符",
|
| 62 |
+
"title": "论文标题",
|
| 63 |
+
"author": "作者姓名",
|
| 64 |
+
"keyword": "关键词(逗号分隔)",
|
| 65 |
+
"abstract": "摘要内容",
|
| 66 |
+
"pub_time": "发表年份"
|
| 67 |
+
}
|
| 68 |
+
```
|
| 69 |
+
|
| 70 |
+
### 教材/电子书字段
|
| 71 |
+
|
| 72 |
+
```json
|
| 73 |
+
{
|
| 74 |
+
"sha256": "文件的 SHA256 哈希值",
|
| 75 |
+
"origin_path": "PDF 文件的原始路径",
|
| 76 |
+
"isbn": "国际标准书号",
|
| 77 |
+
"title": "书名",
|
| 78 |
+
"author": "作者姓名",
|
| 79 |
+
"abstract": "简介/摘要",
|
| 80 |
+
"category": "分类号(如中图分类法)",
|
| 81 |
+
"pub_time": "出版年份",
|
| 82 |
+
"publisher": "出版社"
|
| 83 |
+
}
|
| 84 |
+
```
|
| 85 |
+
|
| 86 |
+
## 📖 数据示例
|
| 87 |
+
|
| 88 |
+
### 学术论文示例
|
| 89 |
+
|
| 90 |
+
下图展示了从学术论文 PDF 中提取的元数据字段示例:
|
| 91 |
+
|
| 92 |
+

|
| 93 |
+
|
| 94 |
+
如图所示,需要从论文首页提取以下关键信息:
|
| 95 |
+
- **DOI**:数字对象标识符(如 `10.1186/s41038-017-0090-z`)
|
| 96 |
+
- **Title**:论文标题
|
| 97 |
+
- **Author**:作者姓名
|
| 98 |
+
- **Keyword**:关键词列表
|
| 99 |
+
- **Abstract**:论文摘要
|
| 100 |
+
- **pub_time**:发表时间(通常为年份)
|
| 101 |
+
|
| 102 |
+
### 教材/电子书示例
|
| 103 |
+
|
| 104 |
+
下图展示了从中文电子书 PDF 版权页中提取的元数据字段示例:
|
| 105 |
+
|
| 106 |
+

|
| 107 |
+
|
| 108 |
+
如图所示,需要从图书版权页提取以下关键信息:
|
| 109 |
+
- **ISBN**:国际标准书号(如 `978-7-5385-8594-0`)
|
| 110 |
+
- **Title**:书名
|
| 111 |
+
- **Author**:作者/编者姓名
|
| 112 |
+
- **Publisher**:出版社名称
|
| 113 |
+
- **pub_time**:出版时间(年份)
|
| 114 |
+
- **Category**:图书分类号
|
| 115 |
+
- **Abstract**:内容简介(如有)
|
| 116 |
+
|
| 117 |
+
这些示例展示了 benchmark 测试的核心任务:从各种格式和语言的 PDF 文档中准确提取结构化的元数据信息。
|
| 118 |
+
|
| 119 |
+
## 📊 评估指标
|
| 120 |
+
|
| 121 |
+
### 核心评估指标
|
| 122 |
+
|
| 123 |
+
本基准测试采用基于字符串相似度的评估方法,提供两个核心指标:
|
| 124 |
+
|
| 125 |
+
### 相似度计算规则
|
| 126 |
+
|
| 127 |
+
本基准测试使用基于 `SequenceMatcher` 的字符串相似度算法,具体规则如下:
|
| 128 |
+
|
| 129 |
+
1. **空值处理**:一个为空另一个不为空 → 相似度为 0
|
| 130 |
+
2. **完全匹配**:两者完全相同(包括都为空)→ 相似度为 1
|
| 131 |
+
3. **忽略大小写**:比较前统一转换为小写
|
| 132 |
+
4. **序列匹配**:使用最长公共子序列算法计算相似度(范围:0-1)
|
| 133 |
+
|
| 134 |
+
**相似度分数解读**:
|
| 135 |
+
- `1.0`:完全匹配
|
| 136 |
+
- `0.8-0.99`:高度相似(可能存在小的格式差异)
|
| 137 |
+
- `0.5-0.79`:部分匹配(提取了主要信息但不完整)
|
| 138 |
+
- `0.0-0.49`:低相似度(提取结果与标准答案差异较大)
|
| 139 |
+
|
| 140 |
+
#### 1. 各字段准确率(Field-level Accuracy)
|
| 141 |
+
|
| 142 |
+
**定义**:每个元数据字段的平均相似度分数。
|
| 143 |
+
|
| 144 |
+
**计算方式**:
|
| 145 |
+
```
|
| 146 |
+
各字段准确率 = Σ(该字段在所有样本上的相似度) / 样本总数
|
| 147 |
+
```
|
| 148 |
+
|
| 149 |
+
**示例**:假设在 100 个样本上评估 `title` 字段,每个样本的 title 相似度累加后除以 100,得到该字段的准确率。
|
| 150 |
+
|
| 151 |
+
**用途**:
|
| 152 |
+
- 识别模型在哪些字段上表现较好或较差
|
| 153 |
+
- 针对性地优化特定字段的提取能力
|
| 154 |
+
- 例如:如果 `doi` 准确率为 0.95,`abstract` 准确率为 0.75,说明模型在提取摘要时需要改进
|
| 155 |
+
|
| 156 |
+
#### 2. 总体准确率(Overall Accuracy)
|
| 157 |
+
|
| 158 |
+
**定义**:所有评估字段准确率的平均值,反映模型的整体性能。
|
| 159 |
+
|
| 160 |
+
**计算方式**:
|
| 161 |
+
```
|
| 162 |
+
总体准确率 = Σ(各字段准确率) / 字段总数
|
| 163 |
+
```
|
| 164 |
+
|
| 165 |
+
**示例**:评估 7 个字段(isbn, title, author, abstract, category, pub_time, publisher),将这 7 个字段的准确率相加后除以 7。
|
| 166 |
+
|
| 167 |
+
**用途**:
|
| 168 |
+
- 提供模型整体性能的单一量化指标
|
| 169 |
+
- 方便不同模型或方法之间的横向比较
|
| 170 |
+
- 作为模型优化的总体目标
|
| 171 |
+
|
| 172 |
+
### 使用评估脚本
|
| 173 |
+
|
| 174 |
+
`compare.py` 提供了便捷的评估接口:
|
| 175 |
+
|
| 176 |
+
```python
|
| 177 |
+
from compare import main, write_similarity_data_to_excel
|
| 178 |
+
|
| 179 |
+
# 定义文件路径和要比较的字段
|
| 180 |
+
file_llm = 'data/llm-label_textbook.jsonl' # LLM 提取结果
|
| 181 |
+
file_bench = 'data/benchmark_textbook.jsonl' # 基准数据
|
| 182 |
+
|
| 183 |
+
# 对于教材/电子书
|
| 184 |
+
key_list = ['isbn', 'title', 'author', 'abstract', 'category', 'pub_time', 'publisher']
|
| 185 |
+
|
| 186 |
+
# 对于学术论文
|
| 187 |
+
# key_list = ['doi', 'title', 'author', 'keyword', 'abstract', 'pub_time']
|
| 188 |
+
|
| 189 |
+
# 运行评估,获取指标
|
| 190 |
+
accuracy, key_accuracy, detail_data = main(file_llm, file_bench, key_list)
|
| 191 |
+
|
| 192 |
+
# 输出结果到 Excel(可选)
|
| 193 |
+
write_similarity_data_to_excel(key_list, detail_data, "similarity_analysis.xlsx")
|
| 194 |
+
|
| 195 |
+
# 查看评估指标
|
| 196 |
+
print("各字段准确率:", key_accuracy)
|
| 197 |
+
print("总体准确率:", accuracy)
|
| 198 |
+
```
|
| 199 |
+
|
| 200 |
+
### 输出文件
|
| 201 |
+
|
| 202 |
+
脚本会生成一个 Excel 文件,包含详细的逐样本分析:
|
| 203 |
+
|
| 204 |
+
- `sha256`:文件标识
|
| 205 |
+
- `origin_path`:原始文件路径
|
| 206 |
+
- 对于每个字段(如 `title`):
|
| 207 |
+
- `llm_title`:LLM 提取的结果
|
| 208 |
+
- `benchmark_title`:基准数据
|
| 209 |
+
- `similarity_title`:相似度分数(0-1)
|
| 210 |
+
|
| 211 |
+
## 📈 统计信息
|
| 212 |
+
|
| 213 |
+
### 数据规模
|
| 214 |
+
|
| 215 |
+
**第一批数据(20250806)**:
|
| 216 |
+
- **电子书**:70 条记录
|
| 217 |
+
- **学术论文**:70 条记录
|
| 218 |
+
- **教材**:71 条记录
|
| 219 |
+
- **小计**:211 条记录
|
| 220 |
+
|
| 221 |
+
**第二批数据(20251022)**:
|
| 222 |
+
- **电子书**:354 条记录
|
| 223 |
+
- **学术论文**:399 条记录
|
| 224 |
+
- **教材**:46 条记录
|
| 225 |
+
- **小计**:799 条记录
|
| 226 |
+
|
| 227 |
+
**总计**:1010 条基准测试记录
|
| 228 |
+
|
| 229 |
+
数据涵盖多语言(英语、中文、德语、希腊语等)和多学科领域,两批数据共同提供了丰富多样的测试样本。
|
| 230 |
+
|
| 231 |
+
## 🎯 应用场景
|
| 232 |
+
|
| 233 |
+
1. **LLM 性能评估**:评估大语言模型从 PDF 提取元数据的能力
|
| 234 |
+
2. **信息提取系统测试**:测试 OCR、文档解析等系统的准确性
|
| 235 |
+
3. **模型微调**:作为训练或微调数据,提升模型的信息提取能力
|
| 236 |
+
4. **跨语言能力评估**:评估模型处理多语言文献的能力
|
| 237 |
+
|
| 238 |
+
## 🔬 数据特点
|
| 239 |
+
|
| 240 |
+
- ✅ **真实数据**:从实际 PDF 文件中提取的真实元数据
|
| 241 |
+
- ✅ **多样性**:覆盖不同年代、语言、学科的文献
|
| 242 |
+
- ✅ **挑战性**:包含古籍、非英语文献、复杂排版等难例
|
| 243 |
+
- ✅ **可追溯**:每条记录包含 SHA256 哈希值和原始路径
|
| 244 |
+
|
| 245 |
+
## 📋 依赖项
|
| 246 |
+
|
| 247 |
+
```python
|
| 248 |
+
pandas>=1.3.0
|
| 249 |
+
openpyxl>=3.0.0
|
| 250 |
+
```
|
| 251 |
+
|
| 252 |
+
安装依赖:
|
| 253 |
+
|
| 254 |
+
```bash
|
| 255 |
+
pip install pandas openpyxl
|
| 256 |
+
```
|
| 257 |
+
|
| 258 |
+
## 🤝 贡献指南
|
| 259 |
+
|
| 260 |
+
如果您希望:
|
| 261 |
+
- 报告数据错误
|
| 262 |
+
- 添加新的评估维度
|
| 263 |
+
- 扩展数据集
|
| 264 |
+
|
| 265 |
+
请提交 Issue 或 Pull Request。
|
| 266 |
+
|
| 267 |
+
## 📧 联系方式
|
| 268 |
+
|
| 269 |
+
如有问题或建议,请通过 Issue 与我们联系。
|
| 270 |
+
|
| 271 |
+
---
|
| 272 |
+
|
| 273 |
+
**最后更新**:2025年12月26日
|
| 274 |
+
|
compare.py
ADDED
|
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
|
|
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 1 |
+
import json
|
| 2 |
+
import datetime
|
| 3 |
+
import pandas as pd
|
| 4 |
+
from difflib import SequenceMatcher
|
| 5 |
+
|
| 6 |
+
def string_similarity(str1, str2):
|
| 7 |
+
# 规则1: 一个为空另一个不为空,相似度为0
|
| 8 |
+
if (str1 is None or str1 == "") and (str2 is not None and str2 != ""):
|
| 9 |
+
return 0.0
|
| 10 |
+
if (str2 is None or str2 == "") and (str1 is not None and str1 != ""):
|
| 11 |
+
return 0.0
|
| 12 |
+
|
| 13 |
+
# 规则2: 二者完全相同(包括全为空),相似度为1
|
| 14 |
+
if (str1 or "") == (str2 or ""):
|
| 15 |
+
return 1.0
|
| 16 |
+
|
| 17 |
+
|
| 18 |
+
# 规则3: 忽略大小写进行比较
|
| 19 |
+
s1_lower = str1.lower()
|
| 20 |
+
s2_lower = str2.lower()
|
| 21 |
+
|
| 22 |
+
# 如果忽略大小写后相同,直接返回1
|
| 23 |
+
if s1_lower == s2_lower:
|
| 24 |
+
return 1.0
|
| 25 |
+
|
| 26 |
+
# 使用SequenceMatcher计算相似度
|
| 27 |
+
matcher = SequenceMatcher(None, s1_lower, s2_lower)
|
| 28 |
+
similarity = matcher.ratio()
|
| 29 |
+
|
| 30 |
+
return similarity
|
| 31 |
+
|
| 32 |
+
def main(file_llm = '', file_bench = '', key_list = []):
|
| 33 |
+
all_data = {}
|
| 34 |
+
with open(file_llm, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
|
| 35 |
+
for line in f:
|
| 36 |
+
j = json.loads(line).get('llm_response_dict')
|
| 37 |
+
# print(j)
|
| 38 |
+
all_data[j['sha256']] = {}
|
| 39 |
+
all_data[j['sha256']]['llm_response_dict'] = j
|
| 40 |
+
|
| 41 |
+
with open(file_bench, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
|
| 42 |
+
for line in f:
|
| 43 |
+
j = json.loads(line)
|
| 44 |
+
if j['sha256'] not in all_data:
|
| 45 |
+
all_data[j['sha256']] = {}
|
| 46 |
+
all_data[j['sha256']]['benchmark_dict'] = j
|
| 47 |
+
|
| 48 |
+
sha256_to_remove = []
|
| 49 |
+
for sha256, value in all_data.items():
|
| 50 |
+
# 检查是否同时包含这两个键
|
| 51 |
+
if 'llm_response_dict' not in value or 'benchmark_dict' not in value:
|
| 52 |
+
sha256_to_remove.append(sha256)
|
| 53 |
+
for sha256 in sha256_to_remove:
|
| 54 |
+
all_data.pop(sha256)
|
| 55 |
+
|
| 56 |
+
for sha256, value in all_data.items():
|
| 57 |
+
all_data[sha256]['similarity'] = {}
|
| 58 |
+
for key in key_list:
|
| 59 |
+
# print(key)
|
| 60 |
+
all_data[sha256]['similarity'][key] = string_similarity(all_data[sha256]['llm_response_dict'].get(key), all_data[sha256]['benchmark_dict'][key])
|
| 61 |
+
|
| 62 |
+
# print(all_data)
|
| 63 |
+
key_accuracy_tmp = {key: 0 for key in key_list}
|
| 64 |
+
for sha256, value in all_data.items():
|
| 65 |
+
for key in key_list:
|
| 66 |
+
key_accuracy_tmp[key] += value['similarity'][key]
|
| 67 |
+
|
| 68 |
+
# print(key_accuracy_tmp)
|
| 69 |
+
key_accuracy = {k: v / len(all_data) for k,v in key_accuracy_tmp.items()}
|
| 70 |
+
# print(key_accuracy)
|
| 71 |
+
accuracy = sum(list(key_accuracy.values())) / len(list(key_accuracy.values()))
|
| 72 |
+
return accuracy, key_accuracy, all_data
|
| 73 |
+
|
| 74 |
+
def write_similarity_data_to_excel(key_list, data_dict, output_file="similarity_analysis.xlsx"):
|
| 75 |
+
"""
|
| 76 |
+
将相似度分析数据写入Excel文件
|
| 77 |
+
|
| 78 |
+
Args:
|
| 79 |
+
data_dict: 包含相似度分析数据的字典
|
| 80 |
+
output_file: 输出Excel文件名
|
| 81 |
+
"""
|
| 82 |
+
|
| 83 |
+
# 准备数据列表
|
| 84 |
+
rows = []
|
| 85 |
+
|
| 86 |
+
for sha256, data in data_dict.items():
|
| 87 |
+
row = {
|
| 88 |
+
'sha256': sha256,
|
| 89 |
+
'origin_path': data['benchmark_dict'].get('origin_path')
|
| 90 |
+
}
|
| 91 |
+
|
| 92 |
+
for field in key_list:
|
| 93 |
+
# llm_response_dict 字段
|
| 94 |
+
row[f'llm_{field}'] = data['llm_response_dict'].get(field)
|
| 95 |
+
# benchmark_dict 字段
|
| 96 |
+
row[f'benchmark_{field}'] = data['benchmark_dict'].get(field)
|
| 97 |
+
# similarity 字段
|
| 98 |
+
row[f'similarity_{field}'] = data['similarity'].get(field)
|
| 99 |
+
rows.append(row)
|
| 100 |
+
|
| 101 |
+
# 创建DataFrame
|
| 102 |
+
df = pd.DataFrame(rows)
|
| 103 |
+
|
| 104 |
+
# 定义列的顺序(可选,让Excel更易读)
|
| 105 |
+
column_order = ['sha256', 'origin_path']
|
| 106 |
+
for field in key_list:
|
| 107 |
+
column_order.extend([f'llm_{field}', f'benchmark_{field}', f'similarity_{field}'])
|
| 108 |
+
|
| 109 |
+
# 重新排列列顺序
|
| 110 |
+
df = df[column_order]
|
| 111 |
+
|
| 112 |
+
# 写入Excel文件
|
| 113 |
+
with pd.ExcelWriter(output_file, engine='openpyxl') as writer:
|
| 114 |
+
df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name='相似度分析', index=False)
|
| 115 |
+
|
| 116 |
+
# # 获取工作表并调整列宽
|
| 117 |
+
# worksheet = writer.sheets['相似度分析']
|
| 118 |
+
# worksheet.column_dimensions['A'].width = 70 # sha256列
|
| 119 |
+
|
| 120 |
+
|
| 121 |
+
print(f"数据已成功写入 {output_file}")
|
| 122 |
+
print(f"总共处理了 {len(rows)} 条记录")
|
| 123 |
+
|
| 124 |
+
return df
|
| 125 |
+
|
| 126 |
+
if __name__ == '__main__':
|
| 127 |
+
file_llm = 'data/llm-label_textbook.jsonl'
|
| 128 |
+
file_bench = 'data/benchmark_textbook.jsonl'
|
| 129 |
+
# key_list = ['doi', 'title', 'author', 'keyword', 'abstract', 'pub_time']
|
| 130 |
+
key_list = ['isbn', 'title', 'author', 'abstract', 'category', 'pub_time', 'publisher']
|
| 131 |
+
|
| 132 |
+
accuracy, key_accuracy, detail_data = main(file_llm, file_bench, key_list)
|
| 133 |
+
# print(detail_data)
|
| 134 |
+
timestamp = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
|
| 135 |
+
output_filename = f"similarity_analysis_{timestamp}.xlsx"
|
| 136 |
+
write_similarity_data_to_excel(key_list, detail_data, output_filename)
|
| 137 |
+
|
| 138 |
+
print(key_accuracy)
|
| 139 |
+
print(accuracy)
|
| 140 |
+
|
| 141 |
+
|
| 142 |
+
|
| 143 |
+
|
data/20250806/ebook_0806.jsonl
ADDED
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|
| 1 |
+
{"sha256": "457683dbb04f39232796d3d3913c833fa3dfcdfe93b27ce3001553a6c31f4ebb", "isbn": "", "title": "A HISTORY OF SOUTH AFRICA", "author": "DOROTHEA FAIRBRIDGE", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1918", "publisher": "OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS "}
|
| 2 |
+
{"sha256": "457c3f2825a2c2dd9c6363d6456b45940c6f25ea4677ada3e6b442e49015c028", "isbn": "9787030336613", "title": "伏牛山药用植物志 第四卷", "author": "尹卫平,王忠东", "abstract": "《伏牛山药用植物志》是中国中原地区植物的总信息库和基础性科学资料,它主要记载了伏牛山地区药用植物的种类和分布情况。本套书共分7卷,其中(1~3)卷为大宗药材;(4~5)卷为有毒植物;(6~7)卷为冷背药材。《伏牛山药用植物志》(第四卷)主要收载了伏牛山地区除有毒双子叶植物以外的伏牛山常见有毒植物,包括有毒地衣植物、有毒菌类植物、有毒苔藓类植物、有毒藻类植物、有毒蕨类植物、有毒裸子植物、有毒单子叶植物等。书中对有毒植物的撰写项目分为中文名称、汉语拼音、别名(药材的别名)、基原(包括拉丁名)、原植物(基原中收载的植物)、生境、分布、化学成分、毒性毒理、功效、临床使用、注意事项和主要参考文献等内容。本书是一个伏牛山产药用植物资源的数据库,因而具有重要的科学价值和高度综合利用价值。同时,本书也可作为相关学科的研究生和科技工作者的参考书。", "category": "Q949.95", "pub_time": "2012", "publisher": "科学出版社"}
|
| 3 |
+
{"sha256": "457e5af24509c5c92ff9c4a85773fb28e6d691693676c97a07aa839a7ce071d7", "isbn": "9783031099540,9783031099557", "title": "Modern Approaches in IoT and Machine Learning for Cyber Security Latest Trends in AI ", "author": "Vinit Kumar Gunjan Mohd,Dilshad Ansari Mohammed,Usman ThiDieuLinh Nguyen ", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2024", "publisher": "Springer Nature Switzerland AG"}
|
| 4 |
+
{"sha256": "458ca43299e65ad91203549a08719442ce447ccce0def474257d91d0a24766c0", "isbn": "131523589", "title": "Grammar Express Basic: For Self-Study and Classroom Use With Answer Key ", "author": "Marjorie Fuchs,Margaret Bonner", "abstract": "Grammar Express Basic is the fast and practical way for beginning and low-intermediate students to learn or review English grammar. A user-friendly and effective tool,Grammar Express Basic can be used for self-study,as a main text or as a supplement to any course book,or as a convenient reference handbook to help students reach their language goals quickly.", "category": "", "pub_time": "2004", "publisher": "White Plains,NY : Longman"}
|
| 5 |
+
{"sha256": "458dca3e419a13eeb5a1272bfb085072b837cb2ff6af9f5f60557575012afc19", "isbn": "0964884208,0964884216 ", "title": "DEAREST DAUGHT AND POPSY WELLS Two Artists Named Sawyer ", "author": "Marion Spjut Gilliland ", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1995", "publisher": "Florida? : M.S. Gilliland"}
|
| 6 |
+
{"sha256": "458fcf4740b2846438bcb99b2ac0d2e75f565a646e399980811fe3699ed86a11", "isbn": "", "title": "倩女读物私己档案", "author": "", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": "广州出版社"}
|
| 7 |
+
{"sha256": "4598d0bb6ea9f786d29dec9ba4b0dcfeb8ee9aafdf74213aefe81e23806d8e66", "isbn": "9798888902752", "title": "Abolish Rent: How Tenants Can End the Housing Crisis", "author": "Tracy Rosenthal,Leonardo Vilchis", "abstract": "From two cofounders of the largest tenants union in the country, Abolish Rent takes aim at one of the foremost engines of inequality and injustice. With unsparring analysis and striking stories of resistance, this deeply reported account of the resurgent tenant movement centers poor and working-class people who are fighting back, staying put, and remaking the city in the process. Rent drives millions into debt and despair and onto the streets, but tenants can harness our power and make the world our home.", "category": "", "pub_time": "2024", "publisher": "Haymarket Books"}
|
| 8 |
+
{"sha256": "45992ef0e6524357d6f557dafa32b9a17105cb7f31946ddc3fe278ed1d3cde95", "isbn": "", "title": "One Question Too Many: The Trial of Captain Charles B. McVay III", "author": "Jeffrey S. Bagnell ", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2014", "publisher": ""}
|
| 9 |
+
{"sha256": "45ac1173c5708b88d983b5aba2e8ef8ffa81aefcc2acb1952d7458cfd17214ef", "isbn": "9781496399618", "title": "STEP-UP to FAMILY MEDICINE ", "author": "Robert V. Ellis", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2018", "publisher": "Wolters Kluwer"}
|
| 10 |
+
{"sha256": "45b7893bab8d7cdfecfd2ed169c253c7be98a26fade22e4972049a04e712bb31", "isbn": "7538240365", "title": "中国古代科学技术史纲:理化卷", "author": "关增健,马芳", "abstract": "", "category": "N092,0-092", "pub_time": "1996", "publisher": "辽宁教育出版社"}
|
| 11 |
+
{"sha256": "45d746f21644cc9d8606d56c638377ea5ee72cca402ee2caa051bbd0f19683d9", "isbn": "0394490878", "title": "Child of Night", "author": "Anne Edwards", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1975", "publisher": "Random House,Inc.,New York,\nRandom House of Canada Limited,Toronto"}
|
| 12 |
+
{"sha256": "45dabb43f4d4e7a77f29b0e785ea51268ce0bafb38e00606627726651e22da58", "isbn": "", "title": "怎样养兔", "author": "湖北省黄冈地区畜牧局", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1982", "publisher": "湖北人民出版社"}
|
| 13 |
+
{"sha256": "45e37f32bda9d79e0a6d7ad5b32a6bc197e31e300140ce25b8ca32d5f31afde8", "isbn": "9787121062162", "title": "海洋", "author": "智趣信息技术有限公司", "abstract": "", "category": "N49 P7-49", "pub_time": "2008", "publisher": "电子工业出版社"}
|
| 14 |
+
{"sha256": "45e3e4a19c2d6e0b5cea779d6bf03c1a3d2bf74ab281acdc8e2bc0dca1c8d2f3", "isbn": "7120023934", "title": "特型汽轮机组——原子能电站用、空冷凝汽器式、工业用、驱动给水泵用汽轮机", "author": "夏同棠", "abstract": "本书对原子能电站用汽轮机、供热式汽轮机、空冷凝汽器式汽轮机、工业用汽轮机和给水泵用汽轮机的工作条件、热力设计、调节原理和结构的特点作了简明扼要的论述。\n本书为高等学校热能动力类专业本科生教材,也可供有关专业的师生和工程技术人员参考。", "category": "TK·352", "pub_time": "1995", "publisher": "水利电力出版社"}
|
| 15 |
+
{"sha256": "45e6473ea62c984613215bcfb0ba5727a2711a45d2e2d7390631469a25ce7915", "isbn": "7801753178", "title": "人大代表行权履职百问", "author": "许安标,李忠", "abstract": "", "category": "D621-44", "pub_time": "2005", "publisher": "中国长安出版社"}
|
| 16 |
+
{"sha256": "45ee82ae7e949c4c22693ce207f39078941e0f32269026f213c07051bd785298", "isbn": "7800837777", "title": "民法总论", "author": "龙卫球", "abstract": "", "category": "D923.01", "pub_time": "2001", "publisher": "中国法制出版社"}
|
| 17 |
+
{"sha256": "45f2e7554f4b1dc484048c9ecb94b70d3c450a316a64f409fd76956b4417ad82", "isbn": "", "title": "", "author": "", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
|
| 18 |
+
{"sha256": "46133339e1825ac46607c0435c6cd5ced4e5499265c39aef73013fefed9d2c0a", "isbn": "9780373275397,0373275390 ", "title": " MOB MISTRESS ", "author": "Sheri WhiteFeather ", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2007", "publisher": "Harlequin Books S.A."}
|
| 19 |
+
{"sha256": "4616047636b4a00a41ba7b1c2dede55c0c0fd95303935428a8f043b64296b052", "isbn": "", "title": "序幕", "author": "车尔尼雪夫斯基", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1982", "publisher": "新华出版社"}
|
| 20 |
+
{"sha256": "461a2561eaaf88980793ea27bfcfc256e426588cb0d3b5f41f8185992b3f6747", "isbn": "", "title": "抗战诗歌集二辑", "author": "冯玉祥", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1939", "publisher": "三户图书社印刷社"}
|
| 21 |
+
{"sha256": "461d0a78c31754499d29e3070cda1dd511ee3a39f36c839aeb1a1945b37ce79a", "isbn": "", "title": "PLATINUM (II) METALLOTHIONEINS", "author": "JACOB BONGERS", "abstract": "Abstract of Dissertation Presented to the Graduate School of the University of Florida in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy PLATINUM(II) METALLOTHIONEINS \nBy Jacob Bongers \nMay 1989 \nChairman: David E. Richardson \nMajor Department: Chemistry\nPlatinum(II) adducts of the metal ion chelating protein,metallothionein (MT) ,were prepared and characterized by spectroscopic and other methods. ApoMT reacts with excess K₂PtCl₄ at pH 7 to form a monomeric adduct containing 6.95 ± 0.24 mol Pt/mol MT as determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Polymeric adducts containing 17 ± 2 mol Pt/mol MT are formed at pH 2. The Stokes' radius of Pt₇MT is consistent with a two-domain structure containing two independent metal-thiolate cluster regions similar to that of native MT. \nSpectrophotometric and spectropolarimetric titrations of apoMT with K₂PtCl₄ at neutral pH suggest that the first three mol equiv of Pt²⁺ ions form three Pt(cys)₄²⁻ units,and that the binding of the remaining four mol equiv of Pt²⁺ ions involves formation of bridging thiolates and Pt(II)- thiolate clusters. This binding seguence was confirmed by titration of the partially platinated apoMT adducts with the thiolate assay reagent,DTNB. The biphasic kinetics of Pt(II) binding to apoMT are also consistent with this interpretation.\nReactions of Cd₇MT and native MT with K₂PtCl₄,in the presence of air,result in the liberation of three mol eguiv of the originally bound metal ions and the binding of one mol eguiv of Pt²⁺ . When air is excluded from the reaction,three mol eguiv of metal ions are lost and four mol eguiv of Pt²⁺ are bound. Pt(II) preferentially displaces metal ions from the 3-metal β-cluster region in reactions of native MT with derivatives of the antitumor drug,cis-Pt(NH₃)₂Cl₂,as shown by analytical and ¹H NMR data. Binding to native MT of Pt(II) from cis-Pt(ATMPO)₂Cl₂ resulted in translabilization of the spin-labeled ATMPO amine ligand,and the analytical results suggest binding of Pt(II) to the N-terminal methionine.\nPossible Pt( II)-thiolate cluster structures for Pt₇MT and mixed-metal Pt(II) metallothioneins are described. Implications for the metabolism of platinum anticancer drugs are discussed. A method for the determination of micromolar protein concentrations and the metal binding stoichiometries of metalloproteins by ICP-AES of sulfur is also described. ", "category": "", "pub_time": "1989", "publisher": ""}
|
| 22 |
+
{"sha256": "462db84a36be75d974dde8c3be77fb8decefcdfaadb849ca6d4780b6b2a474f0", "isbn": "7801356993", "title": "中华民族传统美德教育读本·名言警句卷 爱憎得失", "author": "于永玉,吴亚铃", "abstract": "", "category": "122", "pub_time": "2005", "publisher": "中国环境科学出版社,学苑音像出版社"}
|
| 23 |
+
{"sha256": "462f3ec4164e6f4d97375c98e8ba50b81e59c3fe04561773df08fb40d203c8fc", "isbn": "", "title": "故事会2019 4月下半月刊.绿版", "author": "", "abstract": "", "category": "CN31-1127/1", "pub_time": "2019", "publisher": "上海文艺出版总社"}
|
| 24 |
+
{"sha256": "4639258005774d5e5e1862a23b360a69cfa3c583e002363e5839dbff4d067712", "isbn": "", "title": "Cugel’s Compendium", "author": "Aaron Allston,Robin D,Laws,Phil Masters", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2001", "publisher": " Pelgrane Press Ltd. Stock number PEL004."}
|
| 25 |
+
{"sha256": "463f32cd9d6b089121095eb90a48a2c83b2414c45587b6f960db009654688f77", "isbn": "", "title": "Dictionnaire Raisonné Universel d'Histoire Naturelle", "author": "M. Valmont de Bomare", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1975", "publisher": "A LAUSANNE,Chez la Société Typographique"}
|
| 26 |
+
{"sha256": "4646da3691d1dd1b47be0b85e5da4dbc551ae6f5e1254fae735e38a9b946e92d", "isbn": "", "title": "傳信方集釋", "author": "刘禹锡,馮汉镛", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1959", "publisher": "上海科学技术出版社"}
|
| 27 |
+
{"sha256": "46489bdd3ea413baf86a6f248273071b65da4e3bfc8d7e91729069ee08f7a4fe", "isbn": "", "title": "Behavioral Health Homes for People with Mental Health & Substance Use Conditions: The Core Clinical Features", "author": "", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2012", "publisher": "SAMHSA-HRSA Center for Integrated Health Solutions"}
|
| 28 |
+
{"sha256": "464ae81087ab945edd23cbdddfe745715d5d2659f17f54dc747badf1c082bfbc", "isbn": "9781948383059", "title": "Not My Type: Instant Chemistry Series", "author": "Taylor Love", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2018", "publisher": ""}
|
| 29 |
+
{"sha256": "464cf0b6c3c00bd9317c8fb8bcad9ed9a1e1857938e5be67f2617ebcc1b002ea", "isbn": "9787030292988", "title": " 不一样的智慧,一样的成功 —最可借鉴的51个草根教子法", "author": "赵雪峰", "abstract": "", "category": "G78", "pub_time": "2010", "publisher": "科学出版社"}
|
| 30 |
+
{"sha256": "46613c112a80821547d897343090a0f84a7bac42a4589946fd5340add53cdfef", "isbn": "0517027488", "title": "3,285 Bible questions & answers", "author": "Emily Filipi", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1990", "publisher": "WINGS BOOKS Random House Value Publishing,Inc. "}
|
| 31 |
+
{"sha256": "4668ee4dd49da90d44b034af01528e38df0e8653102c62e4d0d2ec59354fefe5", "isbn": "7538717404", "title": "管理者卷\n项目管理方案", "author": " 威廉·沙门", "abstract": "", "category": "1247.7", "pub_time": "2003", "publisher": "时代文艺出版社"}
|
| 32 |
+
{"sha256": "466a560cb9a1c137db33c21d58f86792dfebeb56d57560bdadfeb0c11d9b2019", "isbn": "", "title": "搅拌器设计", "author": "化工部化工设备设计专业技术中心站", "abstract": "本书共分六章,内容有:搅拌器的型式、结构及选用;搅拌罐模拟放大;搅拌功率;搅拌叶强度计算;搅拌器传动装置;轴的密封。\n在附录中还简单地介绍了非牛顿型液体的搅拌;搅拌启动功率;搅拌器选型和功率计算例题;电动机效率特性;搅拌器标准(HG);以及框式搅拌器(标准草案)等。\n本书可作为化工机械和设备专业的工人、设计人员以及有关学校师生的参考书籍。", "category": "", "pub_time": "1969", "publisher": "化学部化工设备设计专业技术中心站内部发行"}
|
| 33 |
+
{"sha256": "466cb7e8449bf7af16e606de43a168a5139d98e914a65302deaefc8fc6f85957", "isbn": "9787561551080", "title": "后现代文学视域中的历史叙事:格雷厄姆·斯威夫特小说研究", "author": "王艳萍", "abstract": "", "category": "I561.074", "pub_time": "2014", "publisher": "厦门大学出版社"}
|
| 34 |
+
{"sha256": "46756ffe756d5f43bd6d98ea5a6edda0f503b91fa5a82edd434475e1a48bb197", "isbn": "9780061825255", "title": "The IMMORTAL REALM\nBook Four of The FAERIE PATH", "author": "FREWIN JONES", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2009", "publisher": "HarperCollins e-books"}
|
| 35 |
+
{"sha256": "4690f00db2b4b83f11da3182b413035665f2a6c12c2da24e7b62aff262ba1fa8", "isbn": "0127059601", "title": "Basics for chemistry ", "author": "DAVID A. UCKO", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1982", "publisher": "ACADEMIC PRESS"}
|
| 36 |
+
{"sha256": "4694d530d2c7015b1db7c79dc2c5fe5f4c9bc79a8b83622a9503309117fbc681", "isbn": "", "title": "AN ELEMENTARY COURSE Or PRACTICAL ZOOLOGY ", "author": "JEFFERY PARKER,\nW. N. PARKER", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1900", "publisher": "London,Macmillan and Co.,Limited\nNEW YORK: THE MACMILLAN COMPANY "}
|
| 37 |
+
{"sha256": "4697d2a1c98d0e7e2639a4644add71d90eb44d2677a59d546d30e0bceef08670", "isbn": "", "title": "Data-Driven Transformation in the Pharmaceutical Industry ", "author": "Informatica LLC", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2015", "publisher": "Informatica LLC"}
|
| 38 |
+
{"sha256": "469c098b2aad2a1b5a72f02831123b40daaa227e13ead88d86d5ba9ba7ca7e7d", "isbn": "", "title": "Mountain Herald", "author": "Clay Cunningham,Lucia E. Danforth,Harrogate,Tenn", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1923", "publisher": "LINCOLN MEMORIAL UNIVERSITY HARBOGATE,TENNESSEE"}
|
| 39 |
+
{"sha256": "46ae2e1083e86d667d990cb91acc3186a10ddcd1cd9ee80ad0448b87a7f6cf5a", "isbn": "", "title": "Maitanz; drei Szenen", "author": " Karl Schönherr", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1922", "publisher": "L. Staadmann Verlag,Leipzig"}
|
| 40 |
+
{"sha256": "46b2fd0177a8e9f054b02a9968fae54c71092ecaf340c723daaa9f5e4a36f173", "isbn": "", "title": "Resilience Characteristics of Master ' s-Level Counseling Students", "author": "J. Raul Machuca", "abstract": "Resilience characteristics typically have been studied among children and adolescents. A new line of research on resilience is focused on exploring the resilience characteristics of adults exposed to short and long-term adversity. In the present study,585 master’s-level counseling students responded to the Resilience Scale (Wagnild & Young,1993). The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between counseling students’ level of resilience and specific background variables (age,gender,marital status,ethnicity,education,income,employment,living situation,sexual orientation,and country of origin),counselor-education program variables (primary field of study,number of credits taken,academic status,professional affiliations,supervision status,counseling courses,role identification,and accreditation),and risk (poverty,natural disasters,and terrorism) and protective variables (perceived support,school expectations,and community involvement). The results of this study indicated that resilience characteristics and the overall resilience score were associated with background variables,risk and protective variables,and counseling-training-program variables. The counseling-training-program variables examined were minimally correlated with participants’ resilience characteristics or their resilience score. The results of this study offer support for the adoption of wellness-based assessments of counseling trainees,as opposed to measures of impairment. Suggestions are offered for counselor educators and supervisors regarding possibilities for fostering the resilience of counseling trainees as well as counseling practitioners. ", "category": "", "pub_time": "2010", "publisher": ""}
|
| 41 |
+
{"sha256": "46b8574c3c8eba53dd5f1f73cd65021738b06988b5c18add11fefd9d8a8b992b", "isbn": "", "title": "Kid’s Box Teacher’s Resource Book", "author": "", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2014", "publisher": "Cambridge University Press"}
|
| 42 |
+
{"sha256": "46b8fbe11416b314936641282a1bc8aa405ddca40a0f05817c7dbe2a1a50e15b", "isbn": "7810543644", "title": "拉曼光谱在化学中的应用", "author": "朱自莹,顾仁敖,陆天虹", "abstract": "", "category": "O657.37", "pub_time": "1998", "publisher": "东北大学出版社"}
|
| 43 |
+
{"sha256": "46b96d2d5a47a76ca18a424c04114958a9010f38815a6b74f1653407fefe5634", "isbn": "9798885521567,9798885521574,9798885521581", "title": "Quick and Dead Brand of Justice Book 3 ", "author": " Lisa Phillips ", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2023", "publisher": "Two Dogs Publishing,LLC."}
|
| 44 |
+
{"sha256": "46be8cef1e423939a5ccb0f98c3f0178421105164251552df5b04004315dbad9", "isbn": "", "title": "THE REFERENCE SHELF \nVolume IV\nNumber 6\nTHE DIRECT PRIMARY", "author": "LAMAR T. BEMAN,A.M LL.B.", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1926", "publisher": "THE H. W. WILSON COMPANY"}
|
| 45 |
+
{"sha256": "46beb69639c29865d025f2197edff368594b6f3270845fb37f4b3ae09f38ab3d", "isbn": "", "title": "AUTO-CARS\nCARS,TRAMCARS,AND SMALL CARS", "author": "D. FARMAN,M.I.E.E.", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1896", "publisher": "HITTAKER & Co.,PATERNOSTER SQUARE,LONDON,E.C"}
|
| 46 |
+
{"sha256": "46c5c783c28a7fd10743857d2f6d61625b11d89b1ee73a78f05487cb35555b8a", "isbn": "", "title": "Heritability of hypothyroidism in the Finnish Hovawart population ", "author": "Åhlgren,Johanna,Pekka Uimari", "abstract": "Background: The Hovawart is a working and companion dog breed of German origin. A few hundred Hovawart dogs are registered annually in Finland. The most common disease with a proposed genetic background in Hovawarts is hypothyroidism. The disease is usually caused by lymphocytic thyroiditis,an autoimmune disorder which destroys the thyroid gland. Hypothyroidism can be treated medically with hormone replacement. Its overall incidence could also be reduced through selection,provided that the trait shows an adequate genetic basis. The aim of this study was to estimate the heritability of hypothyroidism in the Finnish Hovawart population. Results: The pedigree data for the study were provided by the Finnish Kennel Club and the hypothyroidism data by the Finnish Hovawart Club. The data included 4953 dogs born between 1990 and 2010,of which 107 had hypothyroidism and 4846 were unaffected. Prior to the estimation of heritability,we studied the effects of gender,birth year,birth month,and inbreeding on susceptibility to hypothyroidism. Heritability was estimated with the probit model both via restricted maximum likelihood (REML) and Gibbs sampling,using litter and sire of the dog as random effects. None of the studied systematic effects or level of inbreeding had a significant effect on susceptibility to hypothyroidism. The estimated heritability of hypothyroidism varied from 0.47 (SE = 0.18) using REML to 0.62 (SD = 0.21) using Gibbs sampling. Conclusions: Based on our analysis,the heritability of hypothyroidism is moderate to high,suggesting that its prevalence could be decreased through selection. Thus,breeders should notify the breed association of any affected dogs,and their use for breeding should be avoided. ", "category": "", "pub_time": "2016", "publisher": "Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica "}
|
| 47 |
+
{"sha256": "46d05d544d6df73a088a37d01947a01978d050d36d73459ef58f06368064f55b", "isbn": "9780544196377", "title": "AMERICAN ROMANTIC ", "author": "Ward Just", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2014", "publisher": "Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company"}
|
| 48 |
+
{"sha256": "46df028d30c2c54b1ec5e49bf3313cd3ff203dae2467420b504dd1c76a86ee45", "isbn": "", "title": "線性系統解析", "author": "王錦銘", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1984", "publisher": "超級科技圖書社"}
|
| 49 |
+
{"sha256": "46f734544b569c8ade2db1bf01ed513597a0aa0d1ef901c9063eb5a01c18767f", "isbn": "", "title": "Weights and Measures Program Requirements A Handbook for the Weights and Measures Administrator", "author": "Carol Hockert,Chief Henry V. Oppermann", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2011", "publisher": "National Institute of Standards and Technology"}
|
| 50 |
+
{"sha256": "47044e9d1b5d42eae5eb8ccc64899bca0366a8bf727d7242c8009c8d121536fd", "isbn": "9787020084623", "title": "隐者", "author": "保罗·奥斯特,包慧怡", "abstract": "", "category": "I712.45", "pub_time": "2011", "publisher": "人民文学出版社"}
|
| 51 |
+
{"sha256": "470fc355dcf9f248ecb6ce9eec5dc58f65c90b5d394fc9125a115974c4a2f1be", "isbn": "", "title": "当代中国经济探索\n社会主义再生产的理论与实践", "author": "苏星", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1987", "publisher": "上海人民出版社"}
|
| 52 |
+
{"sha256": "4710f8330af52c965fd0e1f817e9de986bed048e78019aa1dbc9e967dd7f8b22", "isbn": "9787517014270", "title": "变压器油纸绝缘局部放电", "author": "王辉", "abstract": "", "category": "TM401", "pub_time": "2013", "publisher": "中国水利水电出版社"}
|
| 53 |
+
{"sha256": "47116a6bb6ed277b744ba901c5b1377801170748ac218f9acd16ab4836eaad8c", "isbn": "0406103801", "title": "A FINGERTIP GUIDE\nTO CRIMINAL LAW", "author": "J. Ross Harper,Peter Hamilton", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1986", "publisher": "Butterworth & Co (Publishers) Ltd"}
|
| 54 |
+
{"sha256": "4711eb15ce68d7f39047872fd195fdc2f504025db488a0101b59a5de989dd032", "isbn": "", "title": "Thermodynamic Third class", "author": "Dr. Arkan J. Hadi", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
|
| 55 |
+
{"sha256": "4715a5059f4a17f6630b5cc60e71c96b88c258a30d9a77b3ad342fa31e0bf2bd", "isbn": "932347037", "title": "Birds of Yosemite\nand the East Slope", "author": "DAVID GAINES", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1988", "publisher": "ARTEMISIA PRESS"}
|
| 56 |
+
{"sha256": "471cf842edc30103a618e663ff0bc2f70c6dc59cdf40c7713c720370785673ab", "isbn": "0521327385,0521337968", "title": "HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOUR A Darwinian perspective ", "author": "Laura Betzig,Monique Borgerhoff Mulder,Paul Turke ", "abstract": "", "category": "155.3 BF692", "pub_time": "1988", "publisher": "CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS "}
|
| 57 |
+
{"sha256": "471f4100cec05b91d8804bca0da6a269cd50678f15d6507b1eadc209e7449363", "isbn": "0471648175", "title": "Proteomics Today: Protein Assessment and Biomarkers Using Mass Spectrometry,2D Electrophoresis,and Microarray Technology", "author": "MAHMOUD HAMDAN,\nPIER GIORGIO RIGHETTI", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2005", "publisher": "John Wiley & Sons,Inc.,Hoboken,New Jersey."}
|
| 58 |
+
{"sha256": "471fb3e015b035554eebb4ed28438fbe8b9e85a773a08a7e49076214a6274252", "isbn": "9280500090", "title": "LEY TIPO DE LA OMPI PARA LOS PAISES EN DESARROLLO SOBRE INVENCIONES Volumen 1 PATENTES DE INVENCION ", "author": "OMPI", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1979", "publisher": "OMPI"}
|
| 59 |
+
{"sha256": "4739ec7bf5ea986e1d5f53e7554ab68a377dd69a43c23bdfa0dc8c8dfe575601", "isbn": "7502548831", "title": "机器设备的装配与检修", "author": "韩立江", "abstract": "本书较全面地介绍了工业生产中常用的机器和设备如常用泵、通风机、鼓风机、压缩机、制冷装置、制氧装置、工业汽轮机、分离设备、干燥设备、反应釜、造粒机等的工作原理、结构特点、检修技术及��障分析、处理方法等。\n本书内容广泛、通俗易懂、实用性强,可作为检修钳工职业技能鉴定、技能培训及考核的读本,也可供相关专业技术人员学习参考。", "category": "TB4", "pub_time": "2003", "publisher": "化学工业出版社"}
|
| 60 |
+
{"sha256": "473dfd2c2f9eef512d9fdafafc172adf788e601f5eb6ac60541aba712b54c314", "isbn": "", "title": "年度营销计划九步法 从野蛮销售竞争到系统营销制胜", "author": "周九平", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": "中华工商联合出版社"}
|
| 61 |
+
{"sha256": "4747ea590c8289919a21754b7f327896c652cebf7c0ec7008df4b6016d559e51", "isbn": "", "title": "Seleccion de obras maestras dramáticas de Lope de Vega y Calderon de la Barca", "author": "F. SALES", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1844", "publisher": " \nBoston,Jaime Munroe y c."}
|
| 62 |
+
{"sha256": "475c7811ad30db13476e258de68883d944aa48119fe529b9088546ed29556a72", "isbn": "1558762817;1558762825", "title": "CUBAN MUSIC", "author": "MAYA DOY,Translated by Denise Asfar,Gabriel Asfar ", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2002", "publisher": "Markus Wiener Publishers\nThe Latin American Bureau "}
|
| 63 |
+
{"sha256": "475cd2e9c9ff662a34ed86cd60a1c8f14babedfb38f062010b623a95ad67c897", "isbn": "9787504979629", "title": "中国外债报告(2011—2013年)", "author": "国家外汇管理局《中国外债报告》编委会", "abstract": "", "category": "F812.5", "pub_time": "2015", "publisher": "中国金融出版社"}
|
| 64 |
+
{"sha256": "476056ca4d16cdbb7f0533ad53356b4f0a6b888770becd61a319026ce099f63b", "isbn": "", "title": "RUDOLF STEINER DROGA DO WTAJEMNICZENIA", "author": "Jerzy Prokopiuk", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2000", "publisher": ""}
|
| 65 |
+
{"sha256": "476eb0fed479320490c95b226edda2ce269b8cfdc5b02288d8871a84c93ff493", "isbn": "9787030429285", "title": "DNA计算核酸编码原理及方法", "author": "张凯", "abstract": "", "category": "O157.4", "pub_time": "2014", "publisher": "科学出版社"}
|
| 66 |
+
{"sha256": "477d9a3b5eafa169aa526c34acd0991b91c1665f81dd42a15b3b75812d3c3e4b", "isbn": "7564101512", "title": "气象水文网络信息资源检索与利用", "author": "田红梅", "abstract": "", "category": "G354.4", "pub_time": "2005", "publisher": "东南大学出版社"}
|
| 67 |
+
{"sha256": "479087886a0005c92a51cf9411b588bfed6b270f52f486fde7009e3d31a0eee4", "isbn": "", "title": "JURISTAS PHILOSOPHOS ", "author": "Clovis Bevilaqua", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1897", "publisher": "JOSÉ LUIZ DA FONSEGA MAGALHÃES,EDITOR LIVRARIA MAGALHÃES"}
|
| 68 |
+
{"sha256": "4793d1f3f3bab1af33274c2b4d829c5a73f43a7962927e5ddb8460c4e3f1cf7a", "isbn": "", "title": "THE TRYAL OF THE ROMAN CATHOLICS.", "author": "MR. BROOKE", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1761", "publisher": ""}
|
| 69 |
+
{"sha256": "479f1b672118e4c1082f8fd069ef45f93d1e317ba9cb369490006563d08191a2", "isbn": "", "title": "阿炳曲集", "author": "文化部文学艺术研究院\n音乐研究所", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1979", "publisher": "人民音乐出版社"}
|
| 70 |
+
{"sha256": "47a0254371ccb7f4ee1e18f8fc45ae67e3fa32927b2be1c429143c8a01b8c0df", "isbn": "", "title": "HOUSE OFCARDS PORTH EWAN BAY ", "author": "GARRETT LEIGH ", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2024", "publisher": "FOX LOVE PRESS"}
|
data/20250806/paper_0806.jsonl
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+
{"sha256": "7d05cfd0101f9443d826781631fca7e70a5f9b170190980e1f8bb7758b84e021", "doi": "10.3969/j.issn.1001-2206.2021.05.001", "title": "海底管道砂袋堆叠防护效果数值模拟", "author": "于俊峰", "keyword": "海底管道, 管道悬空, 袋堆叠, 数值模拟", "abstract": "为了避免海底管道悬空及其他危害,砂袋堆叠是常见保护管道的措施,但抛填的砂袋易被海流冲走而失去保护管道的效果。基于k-ε湍流模型,建立覆盖海底管道的砂袋堆叠周围的二维流场模型,模拟单向流下不同形式砂袋堆叠周围流场分布及变化规律,进而优化砂袋堆叠方案。模拟结果表明:砂袋堆叠前后受到的压力差随砂袋堆叠堤倾角减小而减小,且砂袋堆叠堤倾角大于23.2°时,来流在砂袋堆叠后方下倾角内形成明显漩涡;砂袋堆叠顶宽大于3m时,砂袋堆叠前后受到的压力差变化不明显,但顶宽小于3m时,压力差会急剧上升;增加砂袋堆叠高度会大幅度地增加压力差,且堆叠高度越高,压力差增长速度越快。", "pub_time": "2021"}
|
| 2 |
+
{"sha256": "7d061587c44b16f483e33f31a6b1d76fe20c348792bc1889b3151cd294cbfe8c", "doi": "", "title": "MODULAR SYSTEM MEANT FOR EPIBIONTIC BIOFILTER DEVELOPMENT IN THE BLACK SEA", "author": "MIHAI Carmen,GROSU Catalin,SCARLAT Razvan,VLADU Alina,ENE Alexandra,JOMIR Mihaela", "keyword": "ecosystem-based approach, epibiontic organisms, modular system, experiment, composite, floating system", "abstract": "EU policy in the field of marine biodiversity, including protected areas, is developing in the context of global, regional, and European Union commitments. In this context, the ecosystem-based approach focuses on a management system that maintains the health of the ecosystem along with the proper use of the marine environment by humans, to the benefit of present and future generations. The natural marine epibiontic filter includes all living invertebrates attached to the stiff submersible substrate. Epibiontic organisms comprise all marine invertebrates that, during the juvenile stages, are fixed on hard natural supports (rock, submerged rocky platforms) and carry out their entire life cycle. The slow and insignificant recovery process of the natural biofilter in the coastal area of the Romanian Black Sea coast requires the elaboration of ecological methods meant to increase the populations of epibiontic organisms that constitute filters, able to accelerate the restoration of the marine environment in tourist areas on the coast. In order to improve the quality of the marine environment in coastal areas affected by anthropogenic impact, it is recommended to build epibiontic biofiltration barriers throughout the water column, including the affected sedimentary substrate. In this respect, a modular system was designed, created and experimented, which has the role of allowing the development of the epibiontic material. ", "pub_time": ""}
|
| 3 |
+
{"sha256": "7d092912ae8060daf1d5e559794533fe94e31872f41bb53b97b410228da001b6", "doi": "10.13873/J.1000-9787(2020)12-0071-03", "title": "基于D* Lite算法的三维路径规划研究*", "author": "程志,张志安,乐伟扬,牛坤\n", "keyword": "三维路径规划, D*Lite算法, 栅格高程图, 路径安全性\n", "abstract": "为实现三维地形环境下的路径规划,建立地面栅格高程地图,并对二维平面的D* Lite算法进行扩展;在传统D* Lite算法的代价函数中引入相邻节点间高程差,通过最大爬坡坡度和最大侧倾坡度限制路径扩展方向,同时设立爬坡因子和侧倾因子来平衡路径的长度与安全性,避免规划路径经过大坡度危险区域。在仿真环境中对相关参数进行整定,同时进行了路径的对比验证和遇到临时障碍物时的路径重规划测试,结果表明:该算法可以有效均衡三维地形下路径长度和安全性问题。", "pub_time": "2020"}
|
| 4 |
+
{"sha256": "7d0c01875162d245ebd4d15a8c3f27a453a8373c9463450eb2f31b08a0df9dfe", "doi": "10.1088/1674-4926/43/4/040203", "title": "Frontier applications of perovskites beyond photovoltaics", "author": "Luyao Mei,Haoran Mu,Lu Zhu,Shenghuang Lin,Lixiu Zhang,Liming Ding", "keyword": "", "abstract": "", "pub_time": "2022"}
|
| 5 |
+
{"sha256": "7d0ed07141946abe810e42007be8f2e3764e8e5cff7e6113e11564c888570ebb", "doi": "", "title": "从云南“躲猫猫”事件看政府与传媒的角色定位", "author": "张利安", "keyword": "“躲猫猫”, 媒体越位, 政府信息公开", "abstract": "云南省委宣传部组织网民调查团调查“躲猫猫”真相一事引起人们的热议。在这次事件中,笔者看到的不仅仅是网民的参与热情和云南省委宣传部的“开风气之先”,而是政府、媒体的角色错位和政府信息公开制度的不完善。", "pub_time": "2009"}
|
| 6 |
+
{"sha256": "7d0f8b718473e43304b4b5a1419af89ef6aca5303d9506283cc7ce2ec59dc8bf", "doi": "", "title": "油豆角采摘后生物防腐菌的分离筛选及鉴定", "author": "田文佳", "keyword": "油豆角, 生物防腐菌, 阴沟肠杆菌, 分离筛选, 拮抗", "abstract": "油豆角是我国东北地区最受人们欢迎的优质蔬菜品种之一,因其贮藏期短,限制了人们的食用。本文以黑龙江特产白油豆角为研究对象,从贮藏期间腐烂的豆荚和未发病的豆荚中筛选出主要腐败菌和生物防腐菌,并对其进行生理生化和分子生物学鉴定,进一步对生物防腐菌与腐败菌的拮抗性进行研究,证明所筛选的生物防腐菌对油豆角主要腐败菌的抑制作用。结果如下:\n选取东北白油豆角,在室温贮藏腐败后,分别采用稀释分离与划线分离的方法对腐败菌进行分离,共分离得到12株腐败菌。根据形态学特征判断主要为细菌、霉菌两类;对腐败菌进行18S rDNA基因测序分析,确定腐烂变质的主要腐败菌为灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)。\n从未腐烂的豆荚表面取样,采用稀释与划线分离的方法进行表面微生物的分离,得到8株细菌;再利用96孔板法进行油豆角生防菌的筛选;将12株腐败菌菌悬液分别接入96孔板中,再将所得8株菌分别接入孔板中,在37℃培养48h后;将孔板菌悬液对应移入酶标板中,在480nm进行吸光值测定,得到F3菌吸光值为0.338,抑菌效果最好。\n根据形态学、生理生化和16S rDNA基因测序分析,鉴定结果F3为阴沟肠杆菌(Enterobacter cloacae)。经文献报道,阴沟肠杆菌无明显急性毒性和致敏性。\n采用平板对峙实验对F3阴沟肠杆菌与腐败灰霉菌的拮抗性进行研究,抑菌圈结果F3阴沟肠杆菌对腐败细菌的最大抑菌圈直径为1.17cm。将F3阴沟肠杆菌与腐败菌灰霉菌共同培养48h,扫描电镜观察结果为F3阴沟肠杆菌能够抑制腐败菌灰霉菌菌丝生长,并出现灰霉菌菌丝细胞内含物外溢、菌丝扭曲变形等现象。\n为大量培养F3阴沟肠杆菌,以牛肉膏蛋白胨培养基为基础培养基,确定最优碳源为乳糖、氮源为蛋白胨、无机盐为KH₂PO₄;通过响应面法试验,确定最优培养基用量:乳糖为5g/L、蛋白胨为20g/L、KH₂PO₄为18g/L。培养条件的优化试验结果为:培养温度40℃、培养时间72h、pH 7、接种量5%。在此条件下,F3阴沟肠杆菌的活菌数为:6.13×10⁶ cfu/mL。", "pub_time": "2016"}
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| 7 |
+
{"sha256": "7d1c9038f907c425215a398eb70a53527fd0c79d1c2ee98f6c0a0da87ff8ca07", "doi": "", "title": "铁路集装箱快捷运输技术与装备发展初探", "author": "林结良,邓成尧,李冬,刘兵,李淑华", "keyword": "铁路运输, 集装箱, 多式联运, 发展设想", "abstract": "集装箱运输具有快速、安全、简便、节约和便于实现多式联运的特点,是适应国内外贸易发展需要而发展起来的一种先进的运输方式。通过欧美发达国家铁路集装箱运输特点、运输模式、运输技术装备发展的概述和公铁联运技术优势分析,指出我国铁路集装箱运输现状和存在的差距与不足,提出我国铁路集装箱运输技术及装备发展设想:一是释放铁路集装箱运能,二是加大集装箱双层运输技术应用,三是构建符合中国特色的现代快捷多式联运体系。", "pub_time": ""}
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| 8 |
+
{"sha256": "7d1d252a5767325ba6965654857e0a3f8664a3578b18c4bc4181d722d6a6e0bb", "doi": "", "title": "母乳是宝宝最好的食品", "author": "陈锦屏", "keyword": "", "abstract": "", "pub_time": "2008"}
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| 9 |
+
{"sha256": "7d244420f5fb39e3a38536f9fd44745011e93e680ec553f2733f64f269ffe1f5", "doi": "", "title": "基于 S2SH 框架和工作流的办公协同系统设计研究", "author": "林明方", "keyword": "协同办公, S2SH, 工作流, JBPM", "abstract": "提出了一种以B/S结构为基础,以工作流和协同工作为核心的办公协同系统,以J2EE轻量级框架S2SH整合JBPM4工作流技术来开发.系统以工作流应用为主,实现单位部门及员工的协同办公、公文流转自动化,能够完成大部分的公文处理和信息共享与传递.", "pub_time": "2014"}
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| 10 |
+
{"sha256": "7d2a533f228dbccc5f68294148eddbc857f16e56beeabc7d9463604fb5119469", "doi": "", "title": "“霍桑效应”在高校思想政治教育中的应用\n", "author": "郭嘉宝,李佳珂", "keyword": "思想政治教育, 霍桑效应, 高校", "abstract": "霍桑实验所发现的霍桑效应不仅为管理学带来了巨大的影响,更为教育学、心理学等多方面领域的研究带来了许多启示。这种效应在高校的思想政治工作中也具有一定的借鉴意义,正确运用此效应原理不仅能够使许多消极方面变积极,更能够在实践中增强高校思想政治教育的实效性。\n\n", "pub_time": ""}
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| 11 |
+
{"sha256": "7d309ba094fb520e0c17dbcb223ea60264546f391c99f544f0249c1bf1f83921", "doi": "", "title": "超效率DEA模型及灵敏度分析在标杆管理中的应用", "author": "刘敬严", "keyword": "超效率, 数据包络分析, 灵敏度分析, 标杆管理", "abstract": "针对绩效管理中标杆制定问题,探讨了将数据包络分析��法引入到标杆选择中。通过建立超效率DEA模型,进行灵敏度分析找出保持有效的输入输出变动范围,从而找到绩效好而稳定强的DMU作为绩效管理标杆,并以油田企业单井成本管理为例验证了上述方法的可行性。", "pub_time": "2008"}
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| 12 |
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{"sha256": "7d333b311d3f00b5814b27413b64c09c26dd784360edb1ae14435cb89b1df262", "doi": "10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2008.02.019", "title": "需求信息可部分观察时供应链中的信息汇聚效应", "author": "刘开军,张子刚", "keyword": "供应链管理, 信息汇聚效应, 信息共享, 贝叶斯库存管理", "abstract": "考虑由一个供应商和两个零售商组成的二级供应链,供应链中的上下游企业共享需求信息。假设产品的需求分布未知且需求信息只可部分观察,企业按贝叶斯法则更新自己的先验。由于需求信息在供应商处汇聚,供应商与零售商占有的信息量不同,这就可能扭曲供应商对市场需求的认识,造成供应商认为市场过度膨胀或萎缩,我们把这种现象称为信息汇聚效应。本文将给出信息汇聚效应的定义,并给出在两周期供应链中发生信息汇聚效应的充分条件,进而推出发生信息汇聚效应概率的下界。数值算例表明,在一定情况下,在供应链中发生信息汇聚的概率会很可观。", "pub_time": "2008"}
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| 13 |
+
{"sha256": "7d367ee868d168bb0bf4965ad605f8818846d20542429ee4bcb11e9a7e3f42ab", "doi": "10.15889/j.issn.1002-1302.2017.02.037", "title": "9 种铁线莲属植物花粉的萌发率和花粉管生长情况", "author": "任佳伦,赵爽,刘志高", "keyword": "铁线莲, 花粉, 花粉管, 萌发, 蔗糖, 硼酸, 培养基, 杂交育种", "abstract": "以 9 个铁线莲品种的花粉为试材,采用液体培养基研究蔗糖与硼酸的浓度对花粉萌发率和花粉管生长的影响,并筛选出最适培养基。结果显示:9个品种的萌发率为2.35%~63.44%,花粉管长度在26.9505~136.4626 μm之间;蔗糖、硼酸的浓度及二者交互作用对花粉萌发的影响显著,且不同品种适宜的蔗糖与硼酸浓度有所差异;9 个品种花粉萌发和花粉管生长的蔗糖浓度适宜范围是5%~10%,不足的蔗糖浓度会使花粉萌发力下降;适宜的硼酸浓度范围是0.025%,过量的硼酸会抑制花粉萌发和花粉管的生长。", "pub_time": "2017"}
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| 14 |
+
{"sha256": "7d3699142e528c0ad3349e2e44ad548816c4613cb1ec389a6caec1652c00f53f", "doi": "", "title": "山西必须坚持走资源节约型与环境友好型社会的发展之路", "author": "易夏玲", "keyword": "资源节约型, 环境友好型, 循环经济", "abstract": "山西是我国重要能源基地,也是生态脆弱、环境污染比较严重的地区,资源环境问题直接影响着我省可持续发展能力。山西必须坚持节约发展、清洁发展、可持续发展,走资源节约型与环境友好型社会的发展之路,必须构建有利于资源节约和环境保护的体制机制,使建设资源节约型与环境友好型社会成为全体人民的共同行动。", "pub_time": "2007"}
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| 15 |
+
{"sha256": "7d3f63492a901dea2181e128ae6a938f93e27fd69baf8661ec4016f338cac016", "doi": "", "title": "与时俱进 再攀高峰\n——记中国石油天然气集团公司尼罗河公司总会计师卢宏", "author": "", "keyword": "", "abstract": "", "pub_time": "2012"}
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| 16 |
+
{"sha256": "7d40cb96a5b63313a598603c229c84963c4f3ee1c51d273f5865e9a2685f5bf2", "doi": "", "title": "打造卓越课堂,培养小学生数学想象能力", "author": "学钱瑛", "keyword": "卓越课堂小学生数学想象能力", "abstract": "人类智力的重要组成部分是想象力,学生智力和其他相关学习能力能够通过对小学生的想象力进行培养来提高,小学数学教师要在课堂教学的过程中对其进行培养,在课堂教学的过程中丰富教学内容,对多媒体技术等进行合理的运用,把小学生的直观想象能力培养起来,推动小学数学课堂教学教育工作的进步。", "pub_time": "2017"}
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| 17 |
+
{"sha256": "7d414ae1df0f166d5506009048484659a4981de2aa435c27b36ef386f14ea2fd", "doi": "", "title": "档案工作人员应掌握的知识与技能", "author": "高会英", "keyword": "", "abstract": "", "pub_time": "2015"}
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| 18 |
+
{"sha256": "7d4a820fb14fe0201199ee724828445ecf58805e6a5ad247ef1c38d9c9afe4a1", "doi": "", "title": "风景园林专业园林植物类课程模块化研究*", "author": "赵彦博,孙明阳", "keyword": "风景园林, 园林植物, 课程, 模块化", "abstract": "园林植物类课程的教学质量往往是制约土建类院校风景园林专业发展的瓶颈。对该类课程进行模块化研究,利于院校在专业课程设置过程中趋强避弱,发展自身的优势课程。先对园林植物课程体系进行了剖析,再以吉林建筑大学《园林植物与应用》课程为例进行了模块内容的划分,提出了该课程的组织流程。", "pub_time": "2017"}
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| 19 |
+
{"sha256": "7d5124dffb4e9cd54aeb25beca9d74ea4924d7cc3b5dde79bf2d54b37c85ecc1", "doi": "", "title": "小学语文多样化教学的策略研究", "author": "刘典红", "keyword": "小学, 语文, 多样化教学", "abstract": "语文是小学教学中的重要组成部分,对小学生进行语文教学,不仅可以教给小学生必要的语文基础知识,还有利于培养小学生的语文核心素养,提高小学生的听、说、读、写能力。小学语文教学中,老师可以采取多样化的教学方式,不断激发小学生的语文学习兴趣,提高小学生的语文学习效率。", "pub_time": "2019"}
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| 20 |
+
{"sha256": "7d5492d4fcb2c0ac3bee09ad6fd4c33876ca686bd9864c4b212908bf650517e2", "doi": "", "title": "我国养老机构发展现状与对策研究", "author": "方伶俐,杨娥", "keyword": "养老, 养老机构, 养老产业", "abstract": "随着我国人口老龄化程度逐渐加深,养老问题备受社会关注。养老问题能否有效解决势必影响国家和社会稳定,但是现阶段来看,政府对我国养老事业的顶层设计尚不明确。养老机构作为养老服务体系中不可缺少的一部分,其发展水平的好坏直接影响我国养老问题能否有效解决。以我国养老机构为研究对象,从养老机构在我国养老事业中的重要性出发,探究在其发展过程存在的问题,并提出相应的对策。", "pub_time": "2014"}
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| 21 |
+
{"sha256": "7d559e0baca80e22e4a51ba4c953ea8c568f8fecb0f0e20f372e1f63aea9bf40", "doi": "", "title": "基于Android平台的高校图书馆服务系统的设计与实现\n\n", "author": "刘晶", "keyword": "Android平台, 图书推荐, 协同过滤算法, 图书馆服务系统, 手机图书馆", "abstract": "随着移动通信技术的快速发展,移动终端的应用为用户提供更加快捷便利的用户体验。面对拥有众多读者的高校图书馆,迫切需要一种能够给读者更好体验的图书服务系统。传统WEB服务系统主要应用于PC机,读者往往受到时间空间限制,为此,本文在Android平台基础上开发相应的高校图书馆服务系统。并针对高校图书馆个性化服务欠缺的问题,研究设计图书推荐服务,使高校图书馆服务更加人性化和智能化。课题的研究基于原有的WEB平台,在此基础上搭建基于J2EE平台的中间层,通过移动端访问中间层获取数据,以此来达到移动平台系统和原生WEB系统的迁移。本文主要研究如下:\n在对移动互联网相关技术进行分析和对高校图书馆服务系统需求调研的基础上,提出基于Android平台的高校图书馆服务系统功能模型,并绘制基于UML的用例图和时序图,描述了每个功能的业务流程和实现方法。研究设计图书馆服务系统的数据库和图书推荐系统。分析推荐算法,研究基于协同过滤算法在图书馆服务系统推荐模块中的应用。开发了基于Android平台的图书馆信息系统,包括个人图书馆、图书搜索、图书推荐和消息四个主要模块。本系统的研究开发为构建移动平台信息系统的图书馆提供了有意义的参考与借鉴。", "pub_time": "2015"}
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| 22 |
+
{"sha256": "7d5842ab6560e9f975cd0ee452535b70c2dfc79661476d24d7755e800d231c91", "doi": "10.16643/j.cnki.14-1360/td.2016.02.054", "title": "大型火电机组现代化燃料控制系统分析研究", "author": "张小猫", "keyword": "火电机组, 自动化控制, 燃料控制系统", "abstract": "燃料控制系统是大型火电机组重要的控制子系统,其控制的合理安全性对单元机组的安全工作非常重要。通过对燃料控制系统数学模型的分析研究,分析燃料控制系统的基本原理,通过分析风量控制系统中风量和负荷之间的关系及燃料充分安全燃烧的条件,明确了其控制系统的基本原理和思路。", "pub_time": "2016"}
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| 23 |
+
{"sha256": "7d59d043b15bc6cfc7b186a0a1b0a6f7f58e0accd6fdde393e61f8f511f6566a", "doi": "", "title": "心外科病人手术前后心理状态对比研究", "author": "唐茂芹,赵贵芳,郭志勇,张永善,胡蕾,侯瑞华,刘贤臣", "keyword": "", "abstract": "", "pub_time": "1997"}
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| 24 |
+
{"sha256": "7d5db6a48c085aafd93040ef5e077bb668a9fe51564aeba96d70201762ce4c41", "doi": "", "title": "关心粮食蔬菜及其他", "author": "薛谷香", "keyword": "", "abstract": "", "pub_time": "2018"}
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| 25 |
+
{"sha256": "7d5fb1ae0b2325af337e03c795a4d4d8e35e77fbec80dc4ec693d2699e4f50c7", "doi": "", "title": "移植肾间质中浸润细胞免疫标记蛋白的变化与急性细胞性排异的关系", "author": "杨俊伟,周虹,刘志红,陈慧萍,黎磊石", "keyword": "肾移植, 急性细胞性排异, 免疫标记, 蛋白", "abstract": "", "pub_time": "1997"}
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| 26 |
+
{"sha256": "7d6200b905e5f9be88cadf8cdfbf6b7bbc293a89ed51994bc7d13ba7361e4951", "doi": "", "title": "论基层法官法律续造的正当性及其限制", "author": "何伟", "keyword": "", "abstract": "", "pub_time": "2020"}
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| 27 |
+
{"sha256": "7d66d807dbe84492b8dbcb612139df730950dc187953fc23f0f1ca8190a1a6f8", "doi": "", "title": "关于农村中小银行数字化转型的思考与建议", "author": "谢思林", "keyword": "", "abstract": "", "pub_time": "2024"}
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| 28 |
+
{"sha256": "7d69b6ec9bc04ce86458998b569e8e6766468a159dff4bf1a8bbc46a07220876", "doi": "", "title": "浅谈工程造价中概预算编制应用分析", "author": "蔡正华", "keyword": "工程造价, 概预算, 编制", "abstract": "建筑企业为了能够在确保质量的基础上获得一定的经济效益,就需要加强对建筑工程概预算编制工作的重视,在整体上将建筑设计规划工作做好,同时对总体价格合理的预估,将建筑的规模和周期合理规划,从而能够为建筑施工提供科学合理的保证。", "pub_time": "2019"}
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| 29 |
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{"sha256": "7d70cac7d7c935d573b961f2cc251c50334d2cb217540fa5fc780b99dd7c5c38", "doi": "10.16067/j.cnki.35-1049/c.2015.01.011", "title": "《吴越春秋》与汉代今文经学", "author": "林小云", "keyword": "《吴越春秋》, 今文经学, 历史文化认同, 复仇意志, 天人感应", "abstract": "东汉赵晔《吴越春秋》演绎的虽然是春秋末期吴越两国的争霸斗争,但却体现了鲜明的汉代今文经学思想,表现为:一、“大一统”的历史文化认同意识;二、强烈的复仇意志;三、天人感应的政治图式。赵晔著《吴越春秋》,是要借助古人的言行来表达自己作为今文经学者对历史的思考、对时代的关怀,虽非思想巨著,却有着深刻的思想内涵。", "pub_time": "2015"}
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| 30 |
+
{"sha256": "7d79581431a241c97fd8ffbb84a07348cb9a670dccf8a6c787ea62da8f02e565", "doi": "", "title": "Relieving Register File and Instruction Window Pressure", "author": "Reinman,Glenn Calder,Brad Austin,Todd", "keyword": "", "abstract": "", "pub_time": "2001"}
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| 31 |
+
{"sha256": "7d8178b6d29a8e36f26fe86b575a7560b6e9c1ed2d65318bcda3fd34f9651155", "doi": "10.16702/j.cnki.cn31-1590/d.2021.10.034", "title": "寻找印刻在味蕾的思念", "author": "翁红妹", "keyword": "", "abstract": "", "pub_time": "2021"}
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| 32 |
+
{"sha256": "7d81d65891d3cf216e8e00d3c489fb05aaa2ffb197294be1601797a4d89a959b", "doi": "", "title": "我国电视新闻报道的平民化进程与发展", "author": "石梦蕴", "keyword": "电视新闻, 平民化, 接地气, 进程", "abstract": "电视新闻报道作为引导国民思想的重要工具以及社会监督的有效方式,必须要做到跟随时代更迭而转变传播内涵,才能满足不同时期我国民众的基本需求。我国电视新闻在过去几十余年的发展历程中已经实现了由专业化到平民化的转变,新闻报道愈加接地气,并且随着环境的变化持续发展。本文以电视新闻平民化为切入点,分析电视新闻平民化的深刻内涵,分析平民化视角兴起的根本原因,结合环境、政策、需求,总结电视新闻报道平民化的有效策略。", "pub_time": "2023"}
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| 33 |
+
{"sha256": "7d82312b6a9ff754571e97175a120f28b32baefccf2dfd7b059c88f7098c8eda", "doi": "", "title": "《红字》中海斯特·白兰形象解读", "author": "陈莹莹", "keyword": "坚强勇敢, 渴望爱情, 追求", "abstract": "生活在清教徒统治下美国新英格兰地区的女主人公海丝特·白兰,为了追求爱情和幸福与年轻的牧师丁梅斯代尔相恋并生下了女儿珠儿,成为了一个为人所不齿的通奸者,被带上了耻辱的“红字”。但是她并没有因此而自暴自弃,而是勇敢地承担着一切,反抗着社会教义,并怀着仁慈的心帮助他人。", "pub_time": "2014"}
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| 34 |
+
{"sha256": "7d8d8b1e7366cbf038ad16de24e80f32e51c5f3150884cfa35eece9bcb4aa554", "doi": "10.19516/j.cnki.10-1438/f.2017.14.101", "title": "浅析人民币贬值的原因、影响和对策", "author": "崔鹤怀", "keyword": "人民币, 人民币贬值, 汇率改革", "abstract": "2014年下半年以来,人民币一改过去几年的强势,开始持续性贬值。人民币贬值不仅影响了中国的宏观经济环境,如对外贸易状况,也影响了本国投资者和外国投资者,甚至对普通居民的生活也产生了一定的影响。本文首先阐述了2014年下半年以来人民币贬值的重要原因,其次分析了此次人民币贬值可能产生的影响,最后根据原因和影响提出了应对此次和以后人民币贬值应当采取的措施。", "pub_time": "2017"}
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| 35 |
+
{"sha256": "7d91a83fa60bf42b058ee5ce4a09825c520901442b86e3e08789a9be777938ab", "doi": "10.15991/j.cnki.41-1361/r.2014.04.016", "title": "脑静脉血栓形成的诊治现状", "author": "方建,陈文武,李晓晖", "keyword": "脑静脉血栓形成, CTV, MRV, 血管内治疗", "abstract": "脑静脉血栓形成是一种相对少见卒中,病因多样,临床表现复杂,诊断困难,容易误诊。近年来,随着CTV、MRV和DSA等影像技术的广泛应用和血管内介入技术的发展,脑静脉血栓形成的诊治水平大为提高。对近年来相关文献分析,着重从本病临床特征、诊断和治疗等方面作一综述。", "pub_time": "2014"}
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| 36 |
+
{"sha256": "7d941250c5f6f408e7509f48cdbb71138415aaa856f47f24083a9dc29d0e5bb8", "doi": "", "title": "美国杜曼闪卡教学理论研究", "author": "师晓楠", "keyword": "早期教育, 智力开发, 杜曼闪卡教学理论", "abstract": "格连·杜曼博士是美国婴幼儿闪卡教学理论的创始人,该理论是他及其研究团队历经近半个世纪对婴幼儿及其脑部发育进行研究和实践的结晶。自其形成初期便备受关注,迅速传播至世界上许多国家,并于21世纪初期开始在我国的早教市场占据一席之地。然而,与闪卡教学日渐流行不相称的是,我国对于该理论的研究却寥寥无几。基于此,本论文主要采用文献研究法、调查研究法和个案分析法,通过阅读杜曼博士的著作及查阅相关文献资料,从以下六个章节来深入探讨这一主题。第一章介绍了本研究所涉及的基本概念:早期教育与智力开发、智力、闪卡与杜曼闪卡教学,并从脑科学、生理学和心理学三个方面阐述了杜曼闪卡教学的理论基础;第二章梳理了美国杜曼闪卡教学理论的发展历程,根据其在各个时期的特点,将其划分为三个阶段:关注脑损伤儿童治疗的理论奠基期、转向正常儿童教育的理论形成期、杜曼闪卡教学理论的深入与完善期;第三章从教学目标、教学原则、教学主体、教学内容和教学实施五个维度详细解析了杜曼闪卡教学理论的内在结构;第四章选取了一些具有代表性的教学案例,试图分析在该理论指导下的实践过程及其效果;第五章简要讨论了杜曼闪卡教学理论存在的争议,包括对其理论依据科学性的质疑以及关于被动教学和效果的疑问,并总结了杜曼闪卡教学理论的特点,如教学方法设计的科学性、教学内容组织的体系化、教学过程设计的人性化以及教学用具设计的精确性;第六章则从宏观和微观上对杜曼闪卡教学理论进行了评价,明确了该理论的贡献和局限所在,并分析了该理论带来的启示。", "pub_time": "2012"}
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| 37 |
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{"sha256": "7d95ac2eba15dfc2c350116efe8b7c11a30702369cb1550227fc68d640410eff", "doi": "", "title": "建立和完善教学研究质量管理体系的探索与实践———以吉林工程技术师范学院为例", "author": "杨德成", "keyword": "教学研究, 质量管理体系, 标准", "abstract": "建立完善的教学研究质量管理指标体系是提升教学质量的关键。吉林工程技术师范学院从教学实际出发,研究制订了一套合理的有针对性的教学研究质量标准,构建了一个较完善的教学研究质量管理指标体系,对提高教学质量发挥了良好的作用。", "pub_time": "2013"}
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| 38 |
+
{"sha256": "7d971574a3bbd8a6fb3050cdeac8989749f270db02fbb3e0c50b71479a8cf93b", "doi": "", "title": "基于相控阵超声导波层析成像的管道监测关键技术研究", "author": "袁琪楠", "keyword": "超声导波, 相控阵, 磁致伸缩, 层析成像, 结构健康监测", "abstract": "管道运输在国民经济和百姓生活中都扮演着不可或缺的角色,管道一旦发生事故都会给国家和社会带来巨大的影响和损失。因此,急需发展一种检测效率高、监测成本低廉的管道结构健康监测技术来保障管道运输安全。\n相较于现有的管道检测技术,超声导波检测技术具有单点激励即可实现区域段检测的特点,且检测范围覆盖管道全截面,显著提升了检测效率。结合相控阵技术的超声导波检测技术还能实现导波相控激励、分区接收,丰富导波检测手段,提高导波信号冗余度,增大缺陷检出概率。\n基于以上背景,本文提出开展基于层析成像原理的磁致伸缩式相控阵超声导波管道监测关键技术的研究,重点解决了相控阵超声导波监测主机研发和相控阵超声导波监测换能器设计等关键技术,发展了一种基于层析成像原理的相控阵超声导波管道监测算法,研究了监测算法成像质量的影响因素,设计了基于磁致伸缩的相控阵超声导波管道监测系统整体方案。\n具体研究内容为:\n第一章,论述了管道结构健康监测的重要性,总结和比较了国内外现有的管道结构健康监测技术,分析了超声导波检测和监测技术的发展现状,明确了当前超声导波技术应用在管道监测中的问题,为后续研究指明方向。\n第二章,分析了超声导波的基本概念和传播特性,阐述了基于磁致伸缩效应的导波激励和接收原理,使用半解析有限元方法求解管道中导波的频散特性,确定了适用于管道监测的导波模态,介绍了基于相关性分析的RAPID层析成像技术,并分析了其应用在管道监检测中的局限性。\n第三章,综合考虑实际监测环境对于导波传播特性的影响,发展了一种基于RAPID层析成像技术的相控阵超声导波管道监测算法,并开展了监测算法成像过程的仿真分析,探究了算法成像质量与不同尺寸和位置的缺陷的关系。\n第四章,搭建了相控���超声导波管道监测实验平台,开展了相控阵超声导波管道监测算法成像质量与不同尺寸和位置的缺陷关系的实验研究,验证了监测算法的可行性。\n第五章,根据管道监测系统的功能目标,设计了基于磁致伸缩的相控阵超声导波管道监测系统方案,并详细介绍了系统层级架构和具体实现方案。\n第六章,总结了本论文的研究成果,对后续的研究工作进行了展望。", "pub_time": "2018"}
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{"sha256": "7d9b719a345d5833bf1a0522b8b59eaa8e9e71ec4fbb10f537062b6aebaa1191", "doi": "", "title": "农村乡镇中心幼儿园发展现状及问题研究\n——以云南省曲靖市为例", "author": "张凤", "keyword": "农村乡镇中心幼儿园, 发展现状, 问题及原因, 对策", "abstract": "《国家中长期教育改革与发展规划纲要》明确提出,重点发展农村学前教育,发挥乡镇中心幼儿园的示范辐射作用。在全国大力发展学前教育的背景下,重视农村学前教育的发展,特别关注农村乡镇中心幼儿园的建设及发展。农村学前教育是学前教育发展的薄弱环节,加快农村学前教育的发展是我国学前教育发展的必然选择,是实现教育起点公平的重要举措。发展农村学前教育,重点和难点都在农村乡镇中心幼儿园,只有把乡镇中心幼儿园建设好、发展好,才能起到以点带面的作用,促进我国农村学前教育的发展。\n本研究主要采用问卷调查法、访谈法、观察法及文献法,对曲靖市20所农村乡镇中心幼儿园进行实地调查,通过对曲靖市乡镇中心幼儿园总体发展状况的把握,了解曲靖市乡镇中心幼儿园办园条件、师资队伍、管理机制、课程设置、家园合作及示范辐射六个方面的发展现状及办园特点,找到曲靖市农村乡镇中心幼儿园发展中存在的问题,并分析问题出现的原因,最终提出促进乡镇中心幼儿园发展的建议。\n本研究发现曲靖市乡镇中心幼儿园的发展主要存在几个问题:农村乡镇中心幼儿园的建设进程缓慢、办园条件差、管理力量薄弱、师资队伍整体素质不高、课程设置脱离实际、“小学化”倾向严重、示范性不强。\n针对曲靖市农村乡镇中心幼儿园发展存在的问题,笔者提出以下建议:一、明确政府职责,制定相关政策;二、加大财政投入力度,改善办园条件;三、提高师资队伍水平,加强对教师的培养与培训;四、健全管理制度,落实管理职能;五、编制参考教材,开设地方特色的课程;六、增强家长家园合作意识,转变传统育儿观念;七、切实发挥农村乡镇中心幼儿园的示范辐射作用。", "pub_time": "2015"}
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+
{"sha256": "7d9d1fcaf22b847133fcb80db62dcf8ceef4eb92cab3656c78fa6aa0d811a300", "doi": "", "title": "活动教学在初中道德与法治课程中的应用", "author": "粟本翠", "keyword": "道德与法治, 活动教学, 运用", "abstract": "活动教学是学校培养学生的重要途径之一。教师在初中道德与法治教学中,科学运用活动教学法,不仅能增强学生的学习素养,提升学生的学习兴趣,也能发展学生的思维,增强学生的综合素养。", "pub_time": "2020"}
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| 41 |
+
{"sha256": "7d9fd885d3a1842e1e7ff1fa3958a1b4cce6768df97ffc748556a8a79c13d393", "doi": "", "title": "浅议刑事诉讼严格证明与自由证明之适用范围", "author": "张宁", "keyword": "严格证明, 自由证明, 定罪事实", "abstract": "刑事证明规则的核心内容是对证明对象进行严格证明与自由证明。两种不同证明方法的适用,是证据法领域中程序正义和诉讼效率的体现。在司法实践中,区分严格证明与自由证明方法的适用范围则是关键。各国关于严格证明与自由证明的立法规定以及国内外学者的理论争论也多集中于此。一般来说,由于定罪事实涉及案件实体处理结果及被告之重大权益,对其应采用严格证明的方法,而对量刑事实则可自由证明;对程序性事实应该根据其自身不同的法律属性而分别采用不同的证明方法。", "pub_time": "2014"}
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+
{"sha256": "7da052b4b9e4af62cca5bfaf1a0b19ea2c2830f440f0920186061c00a6cd7571", "doi": "", "title": "电极间距对微生物脱盐电池处理高浓度氨氮废水的影响", "author": "李广,董晓航", "keyword": "微生物脱盐电池, 高浓度氨氮废水, 电极间距, 氨氮", "abstract": "为解决传统去除高浓度氨氮方法能耗大、成本高等问题,本文以高浓度氨氮废水为处理对象,构建了一种同步进行“脱电−脱氮−除COD”的微生物脱盐电池系统(Microbial desalination cell, MDC),探讨了3种不同电极间距(3.5 cm、4.5 cm、5.5 cm)对微生物脱盐电池产电性能、脱盐率及阳极室COD去除率的影响。结果表明,不同电极间距下氨氮去除率均能超过94%,在电极间距为3.5 cm时脱氮效果最佳,从900 mg/L降至40 mg/L去除速率为3.27 mg/h,并且产电性能也是最优,最大功率密度、开路电压和内阻分别为6.04 W/m³、755 mV、43.07 Ω;COD去除率及库伦效率达到最大,分别为96.4%、(4.62 ± 0.05)%。研究结果为进一步优化MDC结构以及废水处理应用提供了参考。", "pub_time": "2022"}
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{"sha256": "7da2bf3d78167123708d8283ef02f594d0f91a4feba4787149e7c40bc6d191de", "doi": "", "title": "横山区殿市镇水坝滩煤矿采空区分布勘查", "author": "彭佑平", "keyword": "采空区, 瞬变电磁法, 高密度直流电, 采空积水区", "abstract": "为查清榆林市地方煤矿采空区分布范围、煤矿井田内地表区域中水与火、采空区塌陷与悬顶等安全隐患以及重要建(构)筑物的分布情况,为了实现对采空区内火灾的有效预防以及控制,在采空区治理过程中实现对科学依据的提供。以陕西横山县为参照物,横山区水坝滩煤矿处在其东北方向,两者之间大约具有18km的距离,行政区划隶属殿市镇管辖。该矿确定2处区域进行物探勘查,以采空区为处理对象,对其分布规律进行探索。通过对高密度直流法以及瞬变电磁法等方法的综合运用来进行物探施工,设计物探面积1.2364km²,实际完成物探面积1.2364km²。野外作业共完成瞬变电磁法测线35条,测线总长度32200m,物理点1711个;高密度直流电法测线10条,测线总长度6000m,物理点634个。经资料处理解释并结合地质、采掘工程及实地踏勘调查等资料,物探勘查区域A区内推断解释了3处采空积水区,1处疑似采空积水区,面积共计约231040m²。物探勘查区域B区内推断解释了2处采空积水区,面积共计约201186m²。", "pub_time": "2023"}
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{"sha256": "7dab9111caaf9306083c0ddebfe8f9a97d604166b418e26ffa7f3f1bd4ceb5cf", "doi": "", "title": "引入优势木树高建立的秦岭林区松栎林树高-胸径模型", "author": "郭嘉,孙帅超,田相林,王彬,陈书军,曹田健", "keyword": "优势木树高, 树高 - 胸径模型, 华山松, 油松, 锐齿栎", "abstract": "以地处秦岭的火地塘教学林场、旬阳坝林场及宝鸡通天河国家森林公园的主要树种华山松、油松和锐齿栎为研究对象,选取11种具有代表性的树高-胸径模型,对秦岭林区松栎混交林的主要树种华山松、油松和锐齿栎分别进行拟合。引入优势木树高、树冠竞争因子和大于对象木胸高断面积之和等代表立地和竞争的变量,并与运用数学分级方法建立的树高-胸径模型进行比较。结果表明:不同模型得到的拟合结果差异不大;当模型中引入优势树高作为预测变量,可以有效提高模型的拟合精度;基于分级方法得到的拟合结果最好,其中数学分级法的拟合结果优于优势高分级法。但数学分级法的本质只是纯粹的数据筛选,而优势树高分级则是基于立地对应树高生长的影响。因此,运用优势树高建立的树高-胸径模型可以描述秦岭松栎混交林的树高变化规律,为该森林类型的森林资源调查、立地质量评价以及森林生长与收获等提供理论依据,也可为后续树高-胸径模型的研究提供参考。", "pub_time": "2019"}
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| 45 |
+
{"sha256": "7dac6d1108d07ae2311d76728d4d718c9b1cae3fcf8b4ec10df7797000bf2c25", "doi": "", "title": "公路桥梁常用预应力加固技术及其特点", "author": "李贵龙", "keyword": "体外预应力, 加固体系, 未来展望", "abstract": "预应力技术不但加快了土木工程业的发展,同时也为公路、桥梁加固提供了一种有效的、主动的、便捷的方法。预应力技术是当前发展较快、应用较广的一种加固补修技术。", "pub_time": "2011"}
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| 46 |
+
{"sha256": "7db1a24b4f58ffafcb84dea4ed1931b61331172a9b7c578898ad830dcf85b476", "doi": "10.3969/j.issn.1007-614x.201129.293", "title": "脑卒中常见并发症的护理研究", "author": "梁小兄", "keyword": "脑卒中, 护理研究", "abstract": "", "pub_time": "2011"}
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| 47 |
+
{"sha256": "7db216615327b32ce4a941fc4323700a1fde2561f07e289e4b6480864e1a4c6b", "doi": "", "title": "制造系统生产管理决策点", "author": "杨丹,刘思泽,王时龙", "keyword": "制造系统, 生产管理, 决策点", "abstract": "本文在给出制造系统生产管理概念的基础上,讨论了决策点在制造系统生产管理中的地位和作用;通过制造系统生产管理的过程模型系统地分析了制造系统生产管理的主要决策点,有助于从理论上进一步研究制造系统的决策,从而推动制造系统生产管理理论和实践的发展。", "pub_time": "1995"}
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| 48 |
+
{"sha256": "7dbf6605df2d9d8a56f4a6b8bc79ec4589c327d97ee6378420f82742be86e58c", "doi": "", "title": "吉林通化南岔式金矿地质一地球物理一地球化学综合找矿模型", "author": "关键", "keyword": "南岔金矿, 找矿模型, \"S\"型断裂, 地球物理, 地球化学", "abstract": "老岭成矿带为吉林省最重要的贵金属、��色金属成矿带,南岔金矿是该成矿带近几年新发现的金矿床。在阐述南岔金矿成矿地质条件、岩(矿)石物性参数特征、地球物理场、地球化学特征的基础上,归纳并提取了控矿地质因素和物化探找矿标志,从而建立了“南岔式”金矿的地质—地球物理—地球化学找矿模型。\n\n", "pub_time": "2001"}
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| 49 |
+
{"sha256": "7dc3c9f37f6c4ede0ff75536f9d22fb974fd1d9d636bae31f0a121f27afdc7f4", "doi": "", "title": "基于核心素养的高中通用技术多元化项目教学探究", "author": "蒋鲜丽", "keyword": "核心素养, 高中通用技术, 多元化项目, 教学", "abstract": "核心素养是新课程改革提出的新教学理念,也是现阶段教育教学的依据。基于核心素养的高中通用技术教学主要是为了促进学生的技术意识、工程思维以及图样表达等多种能力的发展,而多元化项目教学在高中通用技术学科中的运用,通过构建情境项目教学实践的方式,形成以学生为重心的教学模式,以此来提高学生的实践能力,帮助学生更加深刻的了解学科知识与基本技能。", "pub_time": "2021"}
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| 50 |
+
{"sha256": "7dc431a9767b2184e647586fbc1b43562cf37e8f0407f1e671ed5560ab1c9492", "doi": "10.16719/j.cnki.1671-6981.2002.02.00", "title": "辨别作业难度对返回抑制时间进程的影响", "author": "陈素芬,王甦", "keyword": "选择性注意, 返回抑制, SOA 知觉辨别, 作业难度", "abstract": "在返回抑制范式下,利用线索一靶子模式和辨别作业进行了两个实验,探讨辨别作业难度对返回抑制的影响。以大学生为被试。实验一对辨别作业难度采用组间设计;实验二采用组内设计。结果发现,无论是组间比较(实验一),还是组内比较(实验二),复杂辨别作业条件下返回抑制出现时间均比简单辨别作业晚,表明作业难度对返回抑制的时间进程有显著影响。该结果对返回抑制的机制研究有一定的意义。", "pub_time": "2002"}
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| 51 |
+
{"sha256": "7dc4ad9672dd01c5559b1b0bb12dc70e67cd2de1a4ad416adc8119aa90a64c0a", "doi": "", "title": "基于π共轭储能材料的制备与电化学性能研究", "author": "范立双", "keyword": "π共轭材料, 锂离子电池, 超级电容器, 纳米复合材料, 电化学性能", "abstract": "传统化石能源的广泛使用带来了环境的污染和资源的枯竭,以太阳能和风能为代表的可再生能源的利用日益受到广泛的关注,同时发展与之配套的储能系统是解决上述可再生能源间歇性和分散性缺点的关键。作为储能系统的核心,开发一种具有高储能密度、长循环寿命和快速充放电能力的储能电极材料就显得尤为重要和急迫。在本论文工作中,基于π共轭体系材料在储能方面的优势,以π共轭材料的结构优化设计为导向,制备一系列基于π共轭体系复合储能材料,旨在提升储能材料的电化学综合特性,具体包括如下几个方面内容:\n(1)基于石墨烯(GNs)与亚甲基蓝(MB)染料分子间的π-π相互作用,使染料分子吸附在石墨烯表面,同时限制石墨烯片层重新堆垛。这种处理方法,在去除染料污染物的同时,将其废弃物资源化利用,得到了一种新型的超级电容材料。该材料在1 A/g充放电倍率下,经过800次循环,比电容依然可以保持在187 F/g,电容保持率大于98%。\n(2)发展了一种溶剂热自组装方法制备了纳米簇的Fe₃O₄/GAs复合材料,Fe₃O₄纳米簇均匀地分散在石墨烯气凝胶三维导电网络中,其中Fe₃O₄纳米簇减少了锂离子传输的路径,有利于充放电过程中锂离子的快速输运,多孔的石墨烯气凝胶保证了活性物质与电解液充分的接触并有效地缓冲了电极的体积膨胀,使得Fe₃O₄/GAs复合电极的倍率及循环性能都得到了极大的改善。该材料在0.5 C、12 C和35 C的倍率下放电,放电容量分别为1221、392和118 mAh/g。在6C的放电倍率下,经300次充放电循环,Fe₃O₄/GAs复合电极材料依然保持着577 mAh/g的放电容量。\n(3)在发展的溶剂热自组装方法的基础上,针对SnO₂材料的特点,进一步发展了一种稳定电化学界面的方法策略。在制备的过程中,原位自组装生成的碳包覆在二氧化锡纳米颗粒表面,形成SnO₂@C纳米簇,由于界面上碳修饰层的存在,稳定了电化学界面,在随后的制备过程中,SnO2@C纳米簇均匀地分散在硫掺杂的石墨烯气凝胶网络中,最终成功构建了SnO₂@C@S-GAs材料,硫掺杂石墨烯气凝胶的三维导电网络,有利于锂离子、电子的快速传输和与电解液的充分接触。该材料展示出了非常优异的倍率和循环稳定性能。在0.8、1.6、4.0、8.0和16.0 A/g的电流密度下,放电容量分别为721、594、510、398和271 mAh/g。在4 A/g放电状态下,经1000次充放电循环后放电容量仍然高达537 mAh/g。\n��4)采用喷墨打印的方法,以PEDOT:PSS作为导电墨水,在柔性基底构筑图案化超级电容器,该方法突破了传统的图案制备方法存在制备周期长、步骤繁琐等局限,同时代替了以往方法必须采用的贵金属做为引线。所制备的柔性器件展示出了很好的柔性和电容放电特性,在0.1 mA/cm²的电流密度下,电容值为2.8 mF/cm²,在20 mV/s的扫速下具有高达6.2 mF/cm²的电容值。", "pub_time": "2015"}
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| 52 |
+
{"sha256": "7dc4ef1c583b765328506d42a9b6e0a6a15c21e320e9ffe20ac16d7e490d794a", "doi": "", "title": "具有均衡控制功能的电池组管理模块研究", "author": "郭尧", "keyword": "电动汽车, 锂离子电池, 电池管理模块, 电池均衡, 全桥变换器", "abstract": "电动汽车工作时所需的电压往往高达200V以上,因此需将单体电池串并联构成电池组以满足使用要求。由于制造工艺的限制及使用环境的不同,随着电池组的使用,各单体电池间会逐渐呈现出荷电状态的不一致,这将导致电池的实际可用容量降低,部分电池过充或过放,缩短使用寿命。目前国内外研究人员针对电池组均衡提出了许多方案,但是受成本和复杂程度的制约,能量转移型均衡还没有普遍应用于电池管理系统中,而传统的能量消耗型均衡又存在均衡效率低、发热量大、均衡速度慢的缺点。本文在深入研究国内外均衡技术的基础上,设计了带有均衡控制功能的电池组管理模块。均衡电路基于双向全桥变换器,实现了单体电池与整组电池的双向能量流动。该方案具有较高的均衡灵活性,通过反馈控制使均衡电流恒定,从而可以精确地消除偏差的安时数。同步整流的加入提高了转换效率,并设计了保护电路以应对可能出现的问题。在均衡策略的制定上,首先研究了磷酸铁锂电池的充放电特性和SOC-OCV特性,在此基础上提出了以稳定OCV作为均衡判据的均衡策略。除了均衡功能外,电池组管理模块还具有电压、温度、绝缘电阻测量的功能。电压测量采用LTC-6803电池组监测IC,温度测量采用DS18B20数字温度传感器,绝缘电阻依照国标GB/T19596-2004中的方法进行测量。最后,用所制作的样机对20并12串的磷酸铁锂电池组进行了均衡实验、电压测量实验和温度测量试验,并用各种阻值的电阻模拟绝缘电阻,检测绝缘测量精度。实验表明,所设计的电池组管理模块各项功能均能满足要求。", "pub_time": "2012"}
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| 53 |
+
{"sha256": "7dcc257f4b3e2bbc965d3452da9df6a181d4c0be00512c812381dcc5b9a58922", "doi": "", "title": "最优网关选择Jelger算法的改进研究", "author": "马翔,胡峰松", "keyword": "最优网关, Jelger 算法, A d hoc 网络", "abstract": "Ad hoc网络是一种特殊的无线移动通信网络,是由无线移动节点组成的动态自组织网络系统。Ad hoc网络中的移动节点要接入Internet对等节点通信,必须通过外地代理(网关)来实现,因此Ad hoc接入的关键也就集中在了外地代理即网关的发现,以及在多外地代理的情况下外地代理的选择和不同外地代理之间的切换。在研究目前常用的网关选择算法Jelger算法的基础上,对Jelger算法提出改进,通过仿真进行比较,结果显示本文提出的算法在性能上有显著提高。", "pub_time": "2008"}
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| 54 |
+
{"sha256": "7dcd1b40a5c70c875ac9ac863627a77dddc584b233fa65bde219d6a4d8fa9f00", "doi": "10.3969/j.issn.1672-3643.2013.04.012", "title": "DNP3.0规约在发电厂监控系统中的应用", "author": "常学科,白兴海", "keyword": "规约, DNP, 监控系统", "abstract": "针对传统远动规约在目前电厂、变电站等大型数据采集与监控系统中,遥控规约存在响应速度慢,报文丢失等诸多问题,在电厂监控系统中采用了分布式网络规约DNP3.0,以满足大型监控系统的技术要求。应用结果表明:DNP3.0规约的应用层设置以及灵活的数据处理机制可为大型数据采集与监控提供经济、灵活、可靠的解决方案。", "pub_time": "2013"}
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| 55 |
+
{"sha256": "7dd111e311b20e11b8bd752e0e16f9b207b57a64a6681570d648532cbd90ccc4", "doi": "", "title": "中国大中型气田主要地球化学和地质特征", "author": "宋岩,戴金星,李先奇,洪峰", "keyword": "中国, 大中型, 气田, 地化特征, 地质特征", "abstract": "对中国已发现的探明储量大于100×10⁸ m³大中型气田的主要地球化学和地质特征进行了分析和总结;中国大中型气田的天然气可分为煤成气、油型气和生物气三种类型,各类天然气具有各自的组分和碳同位素特征,其中乙烷等重烃气的碳同位素是区分煤成气和油型气的有效指标。中国大中型气田的主要地质特征为:①强烃源岩充注,生气强度均大于20×10⁸m³/km²;②中、低孔渗储集层,孔隙率≤15%的约占70%,渗透率为(0.1~500)×10⁻³ μm²的占88%;③以构造圈闭型为主,又可细分为早期或同期构造圈闭型和后期构造圈闭型;④生烃高峰期和成藏期较晚,除下古生界源岩形成的气田生烃高峰期和成藏期稍早外,其它气田均在第三纪和第四纪形成。", "pub_time": "1998"}
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| 56 |
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{"sha256": "7dd1e298d43a95fd401d205652c9782f19af727d3240f2571138c28ddc87a581", "doi": "", "title": "上海红色资源整合:现状、困境与路径研究", "author": "高福进,马峥", "keyword": "上海红色资源, 文化资源整合, 主体整合, 空间整合, 传播整合", "abstract": "上海作为中国共产党人精神谱系的策源地,以丰富的红色资源承载着中国共产党人自创党实践起留下的珍贵足迹,有着深厚的革命文化积淀。持续推进上海红色资源的传承弘扬和保护利用工作,既是新时代文化延续永葆“红色”底色的历史要求,也是上海作为红色资源内容高地与传播要地的使命应然。当前,“用好”上海红色资源的命题,在多极文化格局与多元话语环境中遭受一定的阻滞力。以“主体”“空间”“传播”三维为着力点整合上海红色资源,不仅对于增强上海红色资源传播力、认同力、影响力以及向世界传播红色声音具有重要的现实意义,而且对于发展社会主义先进文化,建设具有强大凝聚力和引领力的意识形态具有重要的现实启示。", "pub_time": "2022"}
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| 57 |
+
{"sha256": "7dd6998a101fbd1362e745e302b24bb0544226972feb44fd98256adaced2bac5", "doi": "", "title": "依托行业突出特色切实推动党史学习教育和育人工作深度融合", "author": "王亮", "keyword": "党史学习教育, 特色党建, 立德树人", "abstract": "作为基层党组织,北京印刷学院经济管理学院信息管理系教工党支部在党史学习教育中对标对表,扎实推进“规定动作”;依托行业,发挥学科优势,深度融合党史学习教育和教书育人工作,切实增强党史学习教育实效,落实立德树人根本任务。", "pub_time": ""}
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| 58 |
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{"sha256": "7ddc3705330dfa60b3706482b4db37ba0cdfc4f0bfe0b72be49aaeec7a8cca64", "doi": "10.1074/jbc.M111.331967", "title": "A Fluorescent Biosensor Reveals Conformational Changes in Human Immunoglobulin E Fc\nIMPLICATIONS FOR MECHANISMS OF RECEPTOR BINDING, INHIBITION, AND ALLERGEN RECOGNITION", "author": "James Hunt,Anthony H. Keeble,Robert E. Dale,Melissa K. Corbett,Rebecca L. Beavil,James Levitt,Marcus J. Swann,Klaus Suhling,Simon Ameer-Beg,Brian J. Sutton,and Andrew J. Beavil", "keyword": "", "abstract": "", "pub_time": "2012"}
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| 59 |
+
{"sha256": "7dddd8a5dcbc16c6f2e4f3a3bc29178ec130a58476b0cf75749d8aed65da9daa", "doi": "", "title": "一种面向过程的企业性能评价体系", "author": "徐罡,王刚,吕民,高国安", "keyword": "企业战略, 企业过程, 过程性能, 性能评价", "abstract": "面向过程的企业性能评价体系采用过程的观点看待企业,从企业金融性、企业顾客、企业内部过程、企业组织、过程资源和过程信息6个方面评价企业性能,同时强调企业性能评价与企业战略相连接,具有从过程的内部、外部评价企业性能的特征.评价指标包括定性指标和定量指标,支持金融性和非金融性评价.", "pub_time": "2002"}
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| 60 |
+
{"sha256": "7de00f934935f2b4f3b6ad130cb303293e5ff16a698e6d41129287c269009767", "doi": "", "title": "“右旋糖酐—磁性LDH—Fu”转运模型磁靶向缓控释作用的大鼠实验研究", "author": "鲍凤娟", "keyword": "“右旋糖酐-磁性LDH-氟尿嘧啶”转运模型, 磁靶向性, 5-氟尿嘧啶, 缓释性", "abstract": "1“右旋糖酐-磁性LDH-氟尿嘧啶”转运模型的体内磁靶向性研究\n以“右旋糖酐-磁性LDH-氟尿嘧啶”超分子组装为磁靶向给药系统,研究三聚体模型在大鼠体内各组织中药物转运分布的磁靶向性。建立高效液相色谱内标法,用于测定给药后大鼠体内各组织的药物分布浓度;用紫外分光光度法、原子吸收法及等离子体发射光谱法测定给药后大鼠各组织中铁的浓度分布特征。方法学研究表明,高效液相色谱内标法回收率高、精密度好,适合模型运载和释放到动物组织中的氟尿嘧啶的定量检测;铁染色及定量分析方法能较好地评价载体铁的体内分布情况。经腹腔注射给药后,在不同部位给予磁场干预,实验结果显示,设立磁场的部位(背右侧及头部)药物浓度明显高于远离磁场部位的组织,验证了三级超分子药物转运模型的体内磁靶向性。在外磁场作用下“磁靶向LDH-氟尿嘧啶-右旋糖酐”三级复合物能在动物体特定部位浓集,表现良好的磁靶向特异性。\n2“右旋糖酐-磁性LDH-氟尿嘧啶”转运模型的体内缓释性研究\n建立给药后大鼠血浆5-Fu浓度测定的HPLC内标法,通过DAS2.0软件分析药动学实验数据,研究“右旋糖酐-磁性LDH-氟尿嘧啶”转运模型在大鼠体内的药物缓释效果。结果表明,��药组的药时曲线为单峰、二室模型,超分子转运模型组表现多峰、多房室模型过程,第一个药峰呈二室模型、其余各峰为一室模型;原药组的达峰时间为10分钟,而LDH组的首次达峰时间为6小时,是原药组的36倍;原药组5-Fu的消除半衰期为1.16小时,LDH组首峰的半衰期为3.53小时,是5-Fu原药的3.06倍。在“右旋糖酐-磁性LDH-氟尿嘧啶”转运模型下5-Fu的药代动力学行为改变,表现了良好的体内缓释作用效果。", "pub_time": "2010"}
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| 61 |
+
{"sha256": "7de47780409e0300e5caf2b89481e68ccd0fd3b17cb11740e6878ca0d0d6dc17", "doi": "", "title": "基于亚胺键的复合胶束的制备及性质", "author": "王绍森", "keyword": "复合胶束, 亚胺键, 双重响应, 智能释放", "abstract": "复合胶束药物载体可以提高药物的生物利用度,降低药物毒副作用,实现 药物的可控释放。本文设计合成了两种基于动态酸敏感亚胺键连接的具有聚乙 二醇单甲醚(MPEG)和聚 N-乙烯基己内酰胺(PNVCL)混合壳层的复合胶束,研究 了其对阿霉素(DOX)的包封、释放和细胞毒性等性质。MPEG 具有良好的亲水性 和生物相容性,可以避免其在血液循环过程中被蛋白吞噬,提高药物到达病灶 的机会。温度响应性链段 PNVCL 在伸展状态时,胶束呈核壳结构,可以实现对 药物的包载,PNVCL 塌缩时,胶束变成核壳冠结构,提高复合胶束的稳定性, 减少药物在正常组织中的释放,核与壳之间的 pH 敏感亚胺键可以实现药物的 智能释放。实验结果表明,本文制备的复合胶束药物载体,具有刺激响应性, 且释放速率可以通过混合壳中 MPEG 和 PNVCL 的比例来调节,具有很好的生物 相容性,容易进入细胞内部,是一种具有应用前景的复合胶束药物载体。研究 内容如下:\n 1.巯基乙醇(HSCH2CH2OH)为链转移剂,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)引发 N-乙烯 基己内酰胺(NVCL)聚合,得到的端羟基聚 N-乙烯基己内酰胺(PNVCL-OH)与 4- 羟基苯甲醛反应,合成端醛基聚 N-乙烯基己内酰胺(PNVCL-CHO);MPEG 与 4- 羟基苯甲醛反应合成端醛基聚乙二醇(MPEG-CHO);辛酸亚锡为催化剂,以 N- (叔丁氧羰基)乙醇胺作为引发剂,分别引发 D,L 丙交酯和ε -己内酯开环聚合; 得到端叔丁氧羰基亚胺基聚己内酯(PCL-NHBoc)和端叔丁氧羰基亚胺基聚乳酸 (PLA-NHBoc),经过三氟乙酸处理,去保护基团,得到氨基聚己内酯(PCL-NH2) 和端氨基聚乳酸(PLA-NH2)。利用氨基和醛基的反应,PNVCL-CHO,MPEG-CHO, PCL-NH2和 PLA-NH2制备了亚胺键连接的嵌段聚合物聚 N-乙烯基己内酰胺-b-聚 己内酯(PNVCL-b-PCL)、聚乙二醇-b-聚己内酯(MPEG-b-PCL)、聚 N-乙烯基己 内酰胺-b-聚乳酸(PNVCL-b-PLA)和聚乙二醇-b-聚乳酸(MPEG-b-PLA)。实验表 明 PNVCL-b-PCL 和 PNVCL-b-PLA 具有温敏性。 \n2.共聚物 PNVCL-b-PCL 和 MPEG-b-PCL 在水溶液中自组装成 PCL 为疏水核, PNVCL 和 MPEG 为复合壳的胶束;共聚物 PNVCL-b-PLA 和 MPEG-b-PLA 在水溶液 中自组装成 PLA 为疏水核,PNVCL 和 MPEG 为复合壳的胶束。利用透射电子显 微镜(TEM)表征胶束形貌,结果显示为球形。载药释放实验结果表明,复合胶 束具有温度/pH 双重响应性,对阿霉素包封和释放结果表明,复合胶束在酸性环境下(pH=5.0)的释放速率远高于中性环境下(pH=7.4)的释放速率。在 pH= 7.4 的中性环境下,25 ℃时的释放速率高于 37 ℃时的释放速率。改变混合 壳中 MPEG 和 PNVCL 的比例可以改变药物的释放速率。MTT 实验表明,两种 复合胶束体系对 BGC-823 细胞的毒性较小,体外细胞内吞实验表明胶束容易进入细胞内部。 ", "pub_time": "2019"}
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| 62 |
+
{"sha256": "7de50aaec536db4ae3cae2ca70ab476c59f6b26390e4bac7a505dcc3a8b04685", "doi": "10.13205/j.hjgc.201511023", "title": "中国垃圾填埋场甲烷减排关键技术的成本和潜力分析", "author": "蔡博峰,刘建国,倪哲,高庆先,胡秀莲", "keyword": "垃圾填埋场, 甲烷减排技术, 减排成本, 减排潜力", "abstract": "基于2012年全国2125个垃圾填埋场的基础数据,结合文献研究、专家研讨评估和现场调研等方法,甄选出中国垃圾填埋场使用的11种CH₄减排关键技术,评估了其各自的减排成本和减排潜力,建立了其减排成本曲线。甄选出的关键技术涉及CH₄收集、生物好氧厌氧处理和终端处理等。结果显示:减排技术中仅生物活性覆盖技术成本在1000元/t以下,且具有较高的减排潜力;临时膜覆盖-膜下抽气-火炬燃烧的减排潜力最高,主要是该技术推广应用的门槛较低,可以应用于简易填埋场和小型填埋场,其成本为2595元/t;填埋气竖井收集-火炬等5种技术的成本为1000~3000元/t,减排潜力比较可观,是大型填埋场的优先选择;渗滤液立体导排+渗滤液处理等3种技术相对成本较高,且减排潜力不高,但其污染物协同减排效果显著,对于经济发达的城市可以考虑应用。基于一般政策情景和低碳情景下的1260、7812元/t两种价格,计算了2020年两种情景下的减排量,两种情景的减排量在2012年的基础上分别减少4.36%和17.22%。", "pub_time": "2015"}
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| 63 |
+
{"sha256": "7de53a18a92f9046e4cb97c1295b67d1fc0361319d30a1a9c5fcf28ee42b21fe", "doi": "10.19424/j.cnki.41-1372/d.2017.20.038", "title": "我国社会保障基金监管的完善探究", "author": "李兰君", "keyword": "社会保障, 基金监管, 法律体系", "abstract": "在我国全面建设小康社会的进程中,社会保障制度作为国家重要基本社会管理制度之一,起着推动我国经济发展、保障人民生活所需、促进社会公正平等的重要作用,社会保障基金则是我国建立健全社会保障制度的物质基础。但目前我国社会保障基金监管工作仍存在许多显而易见的问题,因此,笔者首先对社会保障基金监管的相关内涵进行阐述,然后分析我国社会保障基金监管的现状与存在的问题,进而提出如何优化我国社会保障基金监管体系的对策,对社会保障基金监管的完善研究进行了初步的探讨与思索。", "pub_time": "2017"}
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| 64 |
+
{"sha256": "7de7cf6658d843831143964bb4156f9afd9f8b3fa5ac10d2582474ae9852ee7d", "doi": "10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suae013", "title": "Factor XI inhibition in patients with acute coronary syndrome", "author": "Carmelo Raffo,Davide Capodanno", "keyword": "Factor XI, Milvexian, Asundexian, Abelacimab, Acute myocardial infarction", "abstract": "A hypercoagulable condition is typical of patients with acute coronary syndrome and is a determining factor in the genesis of recurrent ischaemic events. Modern pharmacological therapies consisting of antiplatelets and anticoagulants derive their rationale for use on the pathophysiological mechanisms most commonly associated with myocardial infarction (MI); they have contributed to reducing the ischaemic risk of these patients, but left ample room for improvement. In particular, trials that have studied the association of an anticoagulant with antiplatelet drugs have provided promising results in terms of efficacy, but highlighted a significant bleeding risk. Evidence derived from experimental animal and epidemiological studies has shown how factor XI (FXI) deficiency is associated with a reduction in thrombotic events but with modest bleeding. These data added to the role that FXI plays in the coagulation cascade constituted an incipit for the pharmacological attempt to decouple thrombosis from haemostasis by means of the inhibition of this factor. The theoretical assumption that FXI inhibitor drugs may be able to reduce the ischaemic risk without significantly increasing the haemorrhagic risk makes these compounds a potential therapeutic aid for patients in secondary prevention after acute MI. To date, on these patients, we only have data from a Phase 2 trial, PACIFIC-AMI (Study to Gather Information About the Proper Dosing and Safety of the Oral FXIa Inhibitor BAY 2 433 334 in Patients Following an Acute Heart Attack). In this study, the primary endpoint—represented by the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) composite of Type 2, 3, or 5 bleeding—showed no significant differences between the various doses of asundexian tested (10, 20, and 50 mg quoque die), and between these and placebo (asundexian all doses vs. placebo: hazard ratio, 0.98; 90% confidence interval, 0.71–1.35). The data on efficacy, however, showed neutral results, but it should be noted that the study did not have the adequate statistical power to evaluate this outcome. Valuable information could, therefore, derive in the future from the ongoing Phase 3 trial with milvexian, LIBREXIA-ACS (A Study of Milvexian in Participants After a Recent Acute Coronary Syndrome) and from any future studies that could be started by testing different molecules.", "pub_time": "2024"}
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| 65 |
+
{"sha256": "7de89ec0372589b92a126374f08510ae938bd25c1a7d8713d1fc349139d68fc1", "doi": "10.3969/j.issn.1005-1295.2012.02.003", "title": "复合涂膜对杨梅贮藏过程中POD、PPO、PAL酶活性的影响", "author": "叶文斌,贠汉伯,樊亮,郭守军", "keyword": "半乳甘露聚糖, 复合涂膜保鲜剂, 杨梅, 贮藏, POD、PPO 和 PAL", "abstract": "以半乳甘露聚糖和黄原胶为涂膜基质,山梨酸、CaCl₂、甘油为成膜助剂,配制成复合涂膜保鲜剂,研究了常温(28~32℃,相对湿度68%~86%)下该复合涂膜保鲜剂对杨梅贮藏后3种关键酶POD、PPO、PAL酶活性变化的影响。结果表明:常温下多糖复合涂膜保鲜剂涂膜贮藏的杨梅与对照组相比,使PPO、POD、PAL酶活性处于较低的水平,延缓了果实的衰老,从而延长了货架期。", "pub_time": "2012"}
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| 66 |
+
{"sha256": "7de9da196719f51b3718e8fba58920b1132ca4c2d30bf338930f8fb60a3b067b", "doi": "10.3969/j.issn.1003-6350.2014.06.0351", "title": "检验科医源性感染控制的工作现状和管理", "author": "夏厚才,罗小兵,刘小玉", "keyword": "检验科, 医源性感染, 现状, 管理", "abstract": "目的 加强检验科在医源性感染控制工作中的力度,及时对存在问题采取防范对策。方法 按照《医院感染管理办法》、《消毒灭菌办法》和检验科工作制度等要求,逐一对照检查。结果 检验科在医源性感染控制工作中暴露诸多薄弱环节,存在感染风险。结论 采取制度管理、规范操作和员工自律相结合的方式能够在医源性感染控制工作中发挥积极作用。", "pub_time": "2014"}
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| 67 |
+
{"sha256": "7ded31db638a3420ddaac3b5c2896f85b52ff87b588e926179d91d3fb2dc1185", "doi": "", "title": "运用作业成本法优化仓储企业成本核算的研究\n——以W仓储企业为例", "author": "赵华琼", "keyword": "仓储企业, 成本核算方法, 会计科目, 作业流程, 费用归集", "abstract": "仓储企业的仓储成本,主要是针对于仓储企业经营活动中消耗的实际成本,利用细化生产作业的方式,结合不同作业归集,开展仓储业务成本的科学化核算工作,保证仓储成本的真实性、合理性,以此为仓储企业的健康发展提供关键的决策依据,落实成本管控的标准。本文以W仓储企业为例,首先分析了加强仓储企业成本核算的必要性,然后探究了仓储企业成本核算目前面临的主要问题;提出作业成本法核算方法并以此为基础,从会计科目的设置、作业流程的分解和细化、费用的归集和分配以及成本的结算等几个方面提出仓储企业成本核算优化的策略,希望为相关人士提供参考与借鉴。", "pub_time": "2021"}
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| 68 |
+
{"sha256": "7deea0f76f69f8f9b26a51e38f46f3d2dd1ca083c2474fe476cb8f440759caac", "doi": "", "title": "中国海员英语交流能力影响要素实证研究", "author": "李燕", "keyword": "中国海员, 英语交流能力, 影响要素, 实证研究", "abstract": "通过文献综述、半结构访谈和问卷调查等方法对中国海员英语交流能力现状进行研究,使用系统理论阐述影响海员英语交流能力的相关要素,并得出中国海员英语测试体系对于提高海员英语交流能力的影响具有消极性的结论,建议基于语言测试理论对该英语测试体系进行深入研究,使其成为促进海员英语交流能力提高的助推因素。", "pub_time": "2020"}
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| 69 |
+
{"sha256": "7df0f055bea856c7dd9d133d8729480f39ee34c0740fec6e709296c11609f218", "doi": "10.16770/J.cnki.1008-9985.2015.11.028", "title": "海勤疗养员疗养满意度调查", "author": "齐艾江,刘守东,李静,赵然,李林繁", "keyword": "海勤疗养员, 疗养, 满意度, 调查", "abstract": "目的 探讨海勤疗养员对疗养期间疗养服务工作的满意度情况,并寻找存在的问题及解决办法。方法 采用自行设计的《疗养服务满意情况调查表》对海勤疗养员进行满意度调查,调查内容包括医护服务、后勤保障、疗养活动安排、总体满意度等4个方面27项具体内容。结果 海勤疗养员对疗养服务总体质量非常认可,满意度达4.64分。满意度较高的前5位依次是医护巡诊、入院情况介绍、医师的工作态度、疗养环境和理疗满意度,满意度均在4.70分以上;满意度较低的后5位依次是体疗、文化娱乐活动、文体活动场地与设施、票务保障和景观治疗。结论 通过对疗养服务满意度高和低的原因分析,就4个方面提出可以有效提高海勤疗养员疗养满意度的方法。", "pub_time": "2015"}
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| 70 |
+
{"sha256": "7df27ae8e1ed3f690f4acdd385f36cd30c34596eacf36a26e352efcdbd0e2cb8", "doi": "", "title": "论退休人员能否请求误工费赔偿*", "author": "李平,张亚文", "keyword": "退休, 误工费, 退休金, 劳动能力", "abstract": "本文通过探讨误工费存在的理论根据和退休金、劳动能力的关系来试图解开退休人员误工费的具体赔偿问题。", "pub_time": "2014"}
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{"sha256": "544a6f5b192fe1a2a1da489dab828eb6ef06c18580210a2043f7aebae3373169", "isbn": "", "title": "中学教学经验选辑(文史部分)", "author": "武汉市教育局", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1957", "publisher": "湖北人民出版社"}
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| 2 |
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{"sha256": "62dcd874a104d346d7f090c797de87a7294c1c20ccfadaaab5ec79caa35bba82", "isbn": "", "title": "雅思考位查询方法", "author": "", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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{"sha256": "64b9e955ea9540e88a8f6f53d3f2c399970c4658907308b03f6a6e8be811ffa7", "isbn": "", "title": "第四章 企业所得税法", "author": "", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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{"sha256": "64dd3c2630460184f39ca9abae86dee24a969250013fcec2e4831793c4132f20", "isbn": "", "title": "大国的崛起都是相似的\n了解美国《英美国家社会与文化——第二季》", "author": "武峰", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
|
| 5 |
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{"sha256": "6f0f44370aaef968e45591cfe7e7ddc7dc85de2dddd25745fc5ba3379c55e641", "isbn": "", "title": "表格数据计算(第2课时)", "author": "谭喜飞", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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{"sha256": "711101629eb358df8f7a837915495522fdba9966248706dbca56fee3f687b8af", "isbn": "", "title": "自招基础讲义02", "author": "花儿英语团队", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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| 7 |
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{"sha256": "7af0a70cec8de1f648a665e2af619bb173f7c89ad4d2220db27431467d2944b4", "isbn": "", "title": "七天学案学练考九年级上册英语人教版同步考点手册", "author": "宏远龙教育", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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{"sha256": "7b2ecca998d8c077001bdc7e51a6a7104e2873de1f5276d31fa897aa3b037fe3", "isbn": "", "title": "汪清文史资料第七辑", "author": "政协汪清县委员会文史资料办公室", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2004", "publisher": "政协吉林省汪清县委员会文史资料办公室编辑出版"}
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{"sha256": "456aff21ec7c0bde2a0111948d3a89f9c0a85127b774ea6ab970c883fdf1e055", "isbn": "9787501192823", "title": "如是我闻:中国当代艺术名家访谈录", "author": "马汉跃", "abstract": "", "category": "K825.7", "pub_time": "2010", "publisher": "新华出版社"}
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| 10 |
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{"sha256": "465204b02239f29b2e30244f73dddc14aa5951dbcfed9fc1090a91de3e2f3f97", "isbn": "", "title": "Anti-Haitian Rhetoric and the Monumentalizing of Violence in Joaquín Balaguer’s Guía Emocional de la Ciudad Romántica ", "author": "Médar Serrata", "abstract": "This essay compares four editions of the book Guía emocional de la ciudad romántica, by the Dominican author and politician Joaquín Balaguer. The book, a celebration of Santo Domingo's monumental architecture, evokes the topos of the romantic poet who strolls down the streets of an ancient city admiring the remnants of the past. A closer examination, however, reveals a text deeply invested in the monumentalizing of violence—a text that portrays the dictator Rafael Leónidas Trujillo as the savior of the nation. Moreover, the metaphorical stroll that the reader is invited to take reenacts the movement of history in order to justify the 1937 massacre of thousands of Haitians living in Dominican territory.", "category": "", "pub_time": "2013", "publisher": ""}
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| 11 |
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{"sha256": "4e0eb2150e15b6ae87cffa59cecc84fac9fe212590f4035c0e48f0b713272e22", "isbn": "", "title": "Estimate of Charitable Giving in Kent County, Mich., for 2011 ", "author": "The Johnson Center", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2023", "publisher": "Dorothy A. Johnson Center for Philanthropy "}
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| 12 |
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{"sha256": "4f09dea57b55a09833cd6d628e6a34c605bff5ea8cda747cd4f8689ff64b1ef5", "isbn": "", "title": "The Economic Impact of Affordable Housing Stock in Kent and Ottawa County, Michigan ", "author": "Christian Glupker, Laudo Ogura Ph.D. ", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2021", "publisher": ""}
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{"sha256": "4f8575da4fa012b159dddd689f6d0eca28dadf3773c3ed3661ca1d9357cd8166", "isbn": "", "title": "科技英语词素", "author": "詹贤", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1985", "publisher": "知识出版社"}
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| 14 |
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{"sha256": "53872f28e60aeeef9cedc473ef31dbd277dc6d7a5087b17e5aafd401fa23d565", "isbn": "7801183401", "title": "跨世纪企业家经营管理文库\n现代企业行政事务管理", "author": "吴少平, 张琪", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1997", "publisher": "经济管理出版社"}
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| 15 |
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{"sha256": "5783a286c09e435778eb17a6108d147b0f2a7e59d72b3780c0b0c7471a3bc75b", "isbn": "", "title": "配套《教材帮》初中英语七年级上册语法专项训练•单元综合训练", "author": "", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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| 16 |
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{"sha256": "579eceade8949d24648345b8e47304ee7b48b39f6af7d2c1d55c778bf35dba0e", "isbn": "", "title": "专题 14 仿射变换在圆锥曲线中的应用(二)", "author": "", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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| 17 |
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{"sha256": "594f72d35cff451cb4c513a0daaea28dab57e1d2a90d168528f70a351595ed05", "isbn": "", "title": "NetWare5安全技术与网络维护", "author": "", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1999", "publisher": ""}
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{"sha256": "5ba93a9127d1ed460cc4f52fb6c642d9775f2f46fe119bfff281dac6781caeff", "isbn": "823223191", "title": "QUANTUM MECHANICS and the Philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead", "author": "MICHAEL EPPERSON", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2004", "publisher": "Fordham University Press"}
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| 19 |
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{"sha256": "5dd7da4966698b7338869d577a4934c6aa5fa2cd810b6e4ca92ee2957e38c01b", "isbn": "", "title": "赵亮超能英语|课堂笔记 ", "author": "赵亮", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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| 20 |
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{"sha256": "64d6c9593cb9a44cebb33ef858f6a7d5c129807a09cad57796dfd4ac7a72914a", "isbn": "9787511313867", "title": "中国通史", "author": "吕思勉", "abstract": "", "category": "K20", "pub_time": "2011", "publisher": "中国华侨出版社"}
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| 21 |
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{"sha256": "6730e056b92f3792e3e3a3847d9ede467c611cfbc0a7600cc862393275b87dda", "isbn": "", "title": "Schmidt information and entanglement in quantum systems ", "author": "A.Yu. Bogdanov, Yu.I. Bogdanov, K.A. Valiev", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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| 22 |
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{"sha256": "68fb16e517d5e341c5307a9f37b2e04a99388d7411f3dece9f616109642f43c0", "isbn": "", "title": "中华人民共和国国家标准\n作业场所工频电场卫生标准", "author": "黄方经, 章孟本, 寇庆瑞", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1996", "publisher": "中国标准出版社"}
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| 23 |
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{"sha256": "74e4da5b574b44f05a6f58d87a405a8a0b647a7adc841c9016b14d8698a6b822", "isbn": "", "title": "Einstein–Maxwell–Dilaton metrics from three–dimensional Einstein–Weyl structures.", "author": "Maciej Dunajski", "abstract": "A class of time dependent solutions to (3 + 1) Einstein–Maxwell-dilaton theory with attractive electric force is found from Einstein–Weyl structures in (2+1) dimensions corresponding to dispersionless Kadomtsev–Petviashvili and SU(∞) Toda equations. These solutions are obtained from time–like Kaluza–Klein reductions of (3 + 2) solitons. ", "category": "", "pub_time": "2006", "publisher": ""}
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| 24 |
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{"sha256": "75f15368760f6a7ac1ef0fa5101622ef7d142d4bbedf05f5b432f1c054620b92", "isbn": "", "title": "Body Language Section Ⅳ 单元要点复习", "author": "", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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| 25 |
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{"sha256": "79adaf24c49f8145bb194abd2cf6886fc48b8fe978fffd2111ff23ed93379f55", "isbn": "", "title": "《铜梁文史资料》第十五辑\n(大跃进年代)", "author": "铜梁县政协学习文史提案委员会", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2005", "publisher": ""}
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| 26 |
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{"sha256": "7a1cfd2355801deb7571c79d43223a26b676d232c4e4548a07b396ea678e6431", "isbn": "9787511212122", "title": "北狄、东夷和华夏传统文明建构", "author": "艾荫范", "abstract": "", "category": "K203", "pub_time": "2011", "publisher": "光明日报出版社"}
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| 27 |
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{"sha256": "07c85e8c4a7e909f4aca19c8365a5a0272958a8239da3f03dc0e8631289c24c0", "isbn": "", "title": "地理八年级第四周练习", "author": "", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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| 28 |
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{"sha256": "0afee0e0995b3033d8feffa91721d4aad6bf624a95109c495dea0c38d03d4463", "isbn": "787567507555", "title": "义务教育教科书 科学九年级上册", "author": "袁运开, 刘炳升, 钱振华, 王顺义", "abstract": "", "category": "G·6504", "pub_time": "2014", "publisher": "华东师范大学出版社"}
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| 29 |
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{"sha256": "0fb33acfa75e07e55cfeec469ad51085985ee1efe46cd3b138b951ad608a4c1c", "isbn": "", "title": "2020 年全国卷 文言文阅读知识积累", "author": "高途课堂高中语文教研组", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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| 30 |
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{"sha256": "14af9f6328280b4f3da6bc0967f29730b3635dfa47daa812c043b8227d367b1a", "isbn": "", "title": "普通高中课程标准实验教科书 数学选修 2-3", "author": "人民教育出版社,课程教材研究所,中学数学课程教材研究开发中心", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2005", "publisher": "人民教育出版社"}
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| 31 |
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{"sha256": "18838865fcc62529544c069ee45976cc9f82cfda625668e64069dd037e3cd913", "isbn": "", "title": "《窦神来了:经典文言文精讲》《劝学》 ", "author": "诸葛学堂", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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| 32 |
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{"sha256": "1aa4f91a300141b3d38478e5b6a8743b0861f6825a87d2c70064877508ca3c55", "isbn": "", "title": "数学基础课教材解析册", "author": "张紫潮", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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| 33 |
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{"sha256": "212e03398b4707e74e09149c8452e1a125ba47a766e715658c41b50b5a59959e", "isbn": "", "title": "The pharmacophore kernel for virtual screening with support vector machines", "author": "Pierre Mahé, Liva Ralaivola, \nVéronique Stoven, Jean-Philippe Vert", "abstract": "We introduce a family of positive definite kernels specifically optimized for the manipulation of 3D structures of molecules with kernel methods. The kernels are based on the comparison of the three-points pharmacophores present in the 3D structures of molecules, a set of molecular features known to be particularly relevant for virtual screening applications. We present a computationally demanding exact implementation of these kernels, as well as fast approximations related to the classical fingerprint-based approaches. Experimental results suggest that this new approach outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms based on the 2D structure of molecules for the detection of inhibitors of several drug targets.", "category": "", "pub_time": "2006", "publisher": ""}
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| 34 |
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{"sha256": "21989e174c895f66e9fb91df44c71cfd178869cb3bb4c5ec10452e69d69668ba", "isbn": "", "title": "人教新课标选修3基础达标测试", "author": "", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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{"sha256": "38adcdd35e4be87bd9c917274314e44f0a67b09f95cc1349062bc75932b8cecf", "isbn": "", "title": "多元智能与高中语文教学(二)", "author": "", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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| 36 |
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{"sha256": "47e7339d5a37f31518f86cfed2b3cacb3e06a75799ee63a0f13444277fe069f8", "isbn": "", "title": "新疆公务员考试 \n点睛密卷解析 \n行测+申论", "author": "华图在线课程研究院", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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| 37 |
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{"sha256": "4e6c7837194e0a2b2e8987ca3c7744572ce5348ddcd1d11560d969a297b5c4d2", "isbn": "", "title": "高中数学必修内容复习(14)—分类讨论思想", "author": "", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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| 38 |
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{"sha256": "4fb11ec980c42aa5a8d4a42f4bd6b1ccb2415ddab734bae4687b48153613a1ba", "isbn": "", "title": "古代社会上册", "author": "路易斯·亨利·摩尔根", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1981", "publisher": "商务印书馆"}
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| 39 |
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{"sha256": "5047e5afe20f8e95d1f1b48aad8ceed6b6533cf9b4d83aa4e4b07562f3250676", "isbn": "", "title": "RADICALLY MODERN INTRODUCTORY PHYSICS TEXT II", "author": "David J. Raymond", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2024", "publisher": ""}
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| 40 |
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{"sha256": "5bff6b0a1f80cf9a8e248c68ecedaee6104954a56a73c0fb8027e276e77aaf93", "isbn": "", "title": "专题 31 概率和统计【文】", "author": "", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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| 41 |
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{"sha256": "5dd3623b7ab403940b1c88981ef8fc16ff24d810c0f4e8cef512061567756778", "isbn": "", "title": "山东科技大学化学与环境工程学院高分子化学", "author": "王冬梅", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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| 42 |
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{"sha256": "65adf84b139b103134eb56deb7e593b7acfe2317fcfd6ef851c906dff17cbff3", "isbn": "", "title": "The Statistical Evaluation of Medical Tests for Classification and Prediction", "author": "Margaret Sullivan Pepe ", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2003", "publisher": "Oxford University Press"}
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| 43 |
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{"sha256": "671974e176bd7c6ed443f6d402fa607e157a725d2fc1c122fce49b157f5677c7", "isbn": "7540813288", "title": "大后方散文论稿", "author": "尹鸿禄", "abstract": "哪些非传统议题让美国的单边主义失灵?这些议题是在怎样的背景下出现?什么是「新封建主义」,美国在这样的世界中可以扮演何种角色,实际又在如何表现?「正和博弈」是什么?如何用这个思路来理解中美关系该有的样子?五篇文章,多个视角,如何让我们对中美关系的未来既保有谨慎乐观、但又做好摩擦准备?", "category": "I·3", "pub_time": "1990", "publisher": "四川教育出版社"}
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{"sha256": "6bbe5c28fea53fd28eebd609613464b783aba6796f69bdc5d9f0b13dee74d5a5", "isbn": "", "title": "权力更迭不再是零和博弈:如何以更大格局看待中美新冷战?(下)", "author": "林伯虎", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2020", "publisher": ""}
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| 45 |
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{"sha256": "6f09b79a4a9855e8ac2586bc28cc8aeb3996016574c7a56d8532dc28bc088bb4", "isbn": "", "title": "《课堂内外》八年级上册道德与法治人教版教师用书", "author": "", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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{"sha256": "6fb519f21d8dde43b81d58601ec6d64a0ef6b59f4303d0f57710d4ac5ca2a5c6", "isbn": "", "title": "木头马分层课课练一年级下册数学人教版去答案版", "author": "李社堂", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": "湖南师范大学出版社"}
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{"sha256": "6ff0ad65776a407fe0d322c901986c0841fcebb1c6b711cc2ff1402e5228c555", "isbn": "", "title": "Saint Francis University CHEM 113: Human Chemistry I", "author": "Pedro Muíño ", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2024", "publisher": ""}
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{"sha256": "00b83d1828a2b22c9e2f13c4f68dfe7ee3e77a57c8e9c9c70c103b2448ad10eb", "isbn": "", "title": "孟德尔的豌豆杂交实验(二) ", "author": "", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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| 49 |
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{"sha256": "02aef1246453b6bcfb18ef05426f357222c8de7daffe20fd301f6cbf2d749e13", "isbn": "", "title": "第五讲陌生氧化还原反应书写", "author": "赵瑛瑛", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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| 50 |
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{"sha256": "045336c3fdbdf144993d77dbf2f3ea60188b4c03d1b62fb17813f7b9c4ee95b7", "isbn": "", "title": "第七讲合并财务报表的编制", "author": "", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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{"sha256": "17adf0e5dab284f100a911ec05ca80d0818dca13673be2f52b742b409003e3f1", "isbn": "", "title": "中华人民共和国国家标准\n硬质泡沫塑料压缩变试验方法", "author": "曾新榕, 杨林, 陈倩", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1994", "publisher": "中国标准出版社"}
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{"sha256": "17f5aebb6083620c30c30713be72c79a5e4de4f95a9a17e44fe501dd15393fa9", "isbn": "", "title": "人教版高中物理选修1-1练习:第一章第五节电流和电源Word版含答案", "author": "", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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{"sha256": "1c252edb62054893d8d9bba91fde2db6a951e4c997a3aa6f91a0f652bd082b2f", "isbn": "", "title": "出版工作研究", "author": "人民交通出版社", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "1998", "publisher": "人民交通出版社"}
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| 54 |
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{"sha256": "2260f9b97320b888d599af870ea78a1988e3c00304ed06b0afba153a8033211a", "isbn": "7311001366", "title": "中国社会主义建设基本问题辅导教程", "author": "刘宪忠", "abstract": "", "category": "D·21", "pub_time": "1988", "publisher": "兰州大学出版社"}
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| 55 |
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{"sha256": "235ef15f61c4653d32663dd09ac1c2a7cab286f767328665e614038580896bc8", "isbn": "", "title": "英语(猿辅导)第四讲:高考写作技能提升及实战训练之道歉信", "author": "洛镔", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "", "publisher": ""}
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{"sha256": "25de8be16c658d0c4b8248fc8221432562986a136f40db81f8ca8b2f4608747c", "isbn": "750713562X", "title": "保险市场营销学(第三版)", "author": "姚久荣", "abstract": "", "category": "F840", "pub_time": "1996", "publisher": "中国经济出版社"}
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| 57 |
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{"sha256": "315b6326263c972bc59e5680646d2aa65572f13be46de5c22d82e76e9246b4c1", "isbn": "", "title": "Scaling relations in quasi-two-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet ", "author": "Antoine Praz, Christopher Mudry, M.B. Hastings", "abstract": "", "category": "", "pub_time": "2006", "publisher": ""}
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