citations.json

[
  {
    "title": "Atopic Dermatitis: Natural History, Diagnosis, and Treatment",
    "year": 2014,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/354250",
    "abstract": "Atopic dermatitis is an inflammatory skin disease with early onset and with a lifetime prevalence of approximately 20%. The aetiology of atopic dermatitis is unknown, but the recent discovery of filaggrin mutations holds promise that the progression of atopic dermatitis to asthma in later childhood may be halted. Atopic dermatitis is not always easily manageable and every physician should be familiar with the fundamental aspects of treatment. This paper gives an overview of the natural history, clinical features, and treatment of atopic dermatitis.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W1966326469",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/354250",
    "source": "openalex_cites",
    "rows_extracted": 0
  },
  {
    "title": "Severity strata for Eczema Area and Severity Index (<scp>EASI</scp>), modified<scp>EASI</scp>, Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (<scp>SCORAD</scp>), objective<scp>SCORAD</scp>, Atopic Dermatitis Severity Index and body surface area in adolescents and adults with atopic dermatitis",
    "year": 2017,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.15641",
    "abstract": "We recommend using these strata for interpretation of their respective measures in clinical trials of AD. There are important differences between the five assessments, which profoundly impact the interpretation of their scores.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2613543041",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.15641",
    "source": "openalex_cites",
    "rows_extracted": 0
  },
  {
    "title": "Atopic Dermatitis and Fungi",
    "year": 2002,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.15.4.545-563.2002",
    "abstract": "Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, itching, inflammatory skin disease which is associated with asthma and/or hay fever and a familial occurrence of these conditions. Genetic factors are important in the development of AD, but the exact hereditary pathway is still unknown. Dry skin and the weakened barrier function in patients with AD is very important for the patient's reactions to irritants and other external trigger factors including microorganisms. The standard treatments are topical corticosteroids, topical immunomodulating agents, and emollients. If AD cannot be controlled by this type of treatment, systemic immunomodulating agents may be used. UVB, UVA, or psoralen-UVA may also be used for widespread severe lesions. However, some patients do not respond to these standard treatment, and then it is important to consider the role of microorganisms, house dust mites or food. The role of the Malassezia yeasts in AD, especially AD located to the head and neck region, is now documented in several papers. There are also several papers indicating the role of Candida as an aggravating factor in AD. Patients with AD also develop chronic dermatophyte infections more easily, and patients with AD and chronic dermatophyte infections may show improvement in their AD when treated with antifungal drugs.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2101998524",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.15.4.545-563.2002",
    "source": "openalex_cites",
    "rows_extracted": 0
  },
  {
    "title": "The Eczema Area and Severity Index—A Practical Guide",
    "year": 2022,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1097/der.0000000000000895",
    "abstract": "Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that affects approximately 18 million people in the United States. Assessing the extent and severity of atopic dermatitis is critical for determining baseline disease burden and treatment effectiveness for both investigators and clinicians. Considerable efforts over the past several decades have been made in developing a highly validated instrument called the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI). Although several guides exist for the EASI, questions continue to arise regarding its use and interpretation. This review was developed to serve as the definitive guide for the EASI and to address commonly asked questions.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4280586178",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1097/der.0000000000000895",
    "source": "openalex_cites",
    "rows_extracted": 0
  },
  {
    "title": "Report from the fifth international consensus meeting to harmonize core outcome measures for atopic eczema/dermatitis clinical trials (HOME initiative)",
    "year": 2018,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.16543",
    "abstract": "This is the report from the fifth meeting of the Harmonising Outcome Measures for Eczema initiative (HOME V). The meeting was held on 12-14 June 2017 in Nantes, France, with 81 participants. The main aims of the meeting were (i) to achieve consensus over the definition of the core domain of long-term control and how to measure it and (ii) to prioritize future areas of research for the measurement of the core domain of quality of life (QoL) in children. Moderated whole-group and small-group consensus discussions were informed by presentations of qualitative studies, systematic reviews and validation studies. Small-group allocations were performed a priori to ensure that each group included different stakeholders from a variety of geographical regions. Anonymous whole-group voting was carried out using handheld electronic voting pads according to predefined consensus rules. It was agreed by consensus that the long-term control domain should include signs, symptoms, quality of life and a patient global instrument. The group agreed that itch intensity should be measured when assessing long-term control of eczema in addition to the frequency of itch captured by the symptoms domain. There was no recommendation of an instrument for the core outcome domain of quality of life in children, but existing instruments were assessed for face validity and feasibility, and future work that will facilitate the recommendation of an instrument was agreed upon.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2487179012",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.16543",
    "source": "openalex_cites",
    "rows_extracted": 0
  },
  {
    "title": "Clinical Trial of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Stem Cells for the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Atopic Dermatitis: Phase I/IIa Studies",
    "year": 2016,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1002/stem.2401",
    "abstract": "Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proven to be therapeutically effective against atopic dermatitis (AD) in preclinical studies. However, the safety and efficacy of MSCs against AD have not yet been investigated in a clinical study. To establish the safety and efficacy of human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs (hUCB-MSCs) in AD, 34 adult patients with moderate-to-severe AD were enrolled in two phase trials with a follow-up for 1 month and 3 months, respectively. Patients were randomly allocated to receive low dose (2.5 × 107) or high dose (5.0 × 107) of hUCB-MSCs subcutaneously. An Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) score, Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) score, Severity Scoring for Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) score, adverse effect assessments, and serum biomarker levels were evaluated as end points. A single treatment of hUCB-MSCs resulted in dose-dependent improvements in AD manifestation. Fifty-five percent of patients in high dose hUCB-MSC-treated group showed a 50% reduction in the EASI score. The IGA score and SCORAD score decreased by 33% and 50%, respectively, in high dose-treated group. Particularly, the administration of high dose hUCB-MSCs reduced the pruritus score by 58%. The serum IgE levels and number of blood eosinophils were downregulated by the treatment. No serious adverse events occurred, and none of the patients discontinued the trial due to adverse events. This is the first report to demonstrate a marked improvement of AD features with cell therapeutics. These data suggest that the infusion of hUCB-MSCs might be an effective therapy for patients with moderate-to-severe AD.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2416139822",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1002/stem.2401",
    "source": "openalex_cites",
    "rows_extracted": 1
  },
  {
    "title": "Phase 2a, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, multicenter, parallel‐group study of a H<sub>4</sub>R‐antagonist (<scp>JNJ</scp>‐39758979) in<scp>J</scp>apanese adults with moderate atopic dermatitis",
    "year": 2014,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.12726",
    "abstract": "This trial was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the H4 R-antagonist JNJ-39758979 in adult Japanese patients with moderate atopic dermatitis (AD). Eligible patients were randomly assigned to JNJ-39758979 300 mg, 100 mg or placebo once daily for 6 weeks in this phase 2a, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled study. Primary efficacy was assessed via week-6 Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) scores. Secondary efficacy assessments included Investigator's Global Assessment (IGA) and patient-reported outcome (PRO) pruritus assessments (Pruritus Categorical Response Scale [PCRS], Pruritus Numeric Rating Scales [PNRS], Pruritus Interference Numeric Rating Scale [PINRS] and Subject's Global Impressions of Change in Pruritus [SGICP]). Eighty-eight of 105 planned patients were randomized before the study was stopped and unblinded for safety reasons. The study did not meet the primary end-point. However, numerical improvements (i.e. decreases) in median EASI were observed with JNJ-39758979 100 mg (-3.7) and 300 mg (-3.0) versus placebo (-1.3) at week 6. Nominally significant improvements across PRO PCRS, PNRS and SGICP assessments were consistently observed, particularly with JNJ-39758979 300 mg. Safety, including adverse events (AE), was comparable between JNJ-39758979 and placebo with the exception of two patients (both receiving JNJ-39758979 300 mg) with serious AE of neutropenia, leading to premature study discontinuation. No deaths were reported. Except for neutropenia, no clinically relevant changes in laboratory values were observed. Although not conclusive, findings suggest H4 R-antagonism may be beneficial for AD, particularly in controlling pruritus. JNJ-39758979 appears to be associated with drug-induced agranulocytosis, likely an off-target effect.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W1965217362",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.12726",
    "source": "openalex_cites",
    "rows_extracted": 3
  },
  {
    "title": "Comparative efficacy and safety of systemic therapies used in moderate‐to‐severe atopic dermatitis: a systematic literature review and network meta‐analysis",
    "year": 2021,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17351",
    "abstract": "Given the lack of head-to-head studies of systemic therapies in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD), network meta-analyses (NMAs) can provide comparative efficacy and safety data to inform clinical decision-making. In this NMA, eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before 24 October 2019 were identified by a systematic literature review. Short-term (12-16 weeks) efficacy (Investigator's Global Assessment [IGA] and Eczema Area and Severity Index [EASI] responses), patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and safety data from each trial were abstracted and analysed separately for monotherapy and combination therapy (systemic plus topical anti-inflammatory therapy). RCTs were analysed in fixed-effects and random-effects Bayesian NMA models. Overall, 19 phase 2 and phase 3 RCTs of abrocitinib, baricitinib, dupilumab, lebrikizumab, nemolizumab, tralokinumab and upadacitinib were included. In monotherapy RCTs, upadacitinib 30 mg once daily (QD) had the numerically highest efficacy (83.6% achieved ≥50% improvement in EASI [EASI-50 response]), followed by abrocitinib 200 mg QD (74.6%), upadacitinib 15 mg QD (70.5%), dupilumab 300 mg every 2 weeks (Q2W) (63.4%) and abrocitinib 100 mg QD (56.7%). Similar trends in EASI-75 and EASI-90 response were observed. In combination therapy RCTs, abrocitinib 200 mg QD had the highest EASI-50 (86.6%), followed by dupilumab 300 mg Q2W (82.4%) and abrocitinib 100 mg QD (79.7%). Similar findings were observed for IGA response and PROs. In monotherapy and combination therapy RCTs, the probability of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) was higher among all active treatments than with placebo (except for dupilumab 300 mg Q2W [odds ratio (OR), 0.96; 95% credible interval (CrI), 0.45-2.18] and abrocitinib 100 mg QD [OR, 0.95; 95% CrI, 0.35-2.66] in combination therapy RCTs), although active treatments did not significantly differ from one another. Abrocitinib, dupilumab and upadacitinib were consistently the most effective systemic therapies in adult and adolescent patients with AD, with no significant TEAE differences in short-term RCTs.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3163293937",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.17351",
    "source": "openalex_cites",
    "rows_extracted": 8
  },
  {
    "title": "Therapeutic responses to <i>Roseomonas mucosa</i> in atopic dermatitis may involve lipid-mediated TNF-related epithelial repair",
    "year": 2020,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aaz8631",
    "abstract": "Dysbiosis of the skin microbiota is increasingly implicated as a contributor to the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). We previously reported first-in-human safety and clinical activity results from topical application of the commensal skin bacterium <i>Roseomonas mucosa</i> for the treatment of AD in 10 adults and 5 children older than 9 years of age. Here, we examined the potential mechanism of action of <i>R. mucosa</i> treatment and its impact on children with AD less than 7 years of age, the most common age group for children with AD. In 15 children with AD, <i>R. mucosa</i> treatment was associated with amelioration of disease severity, improvement in epithelial barrier function, reduced <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> burden on the skin, and a reduction in topical steroid requirements without severe adverse events. Our observed response rates to <i>R. mucosa</i> treatment were greater than those seen in historical placebo control groups in prior AD studies. Skin improvements and colonization by <i>R. mucosa</i> persisted for up to 8 months after cessation of treatment. Analyses of cellular scratch assays and the MC903 mouse model of AD suggested that production of sphingolipids by <i>R. mucosa</i>, cholinergic signaling, and flagellin expression may have contributed to therapeutic impact through induction of a TNFR2-mediated epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. These results suggest that a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of <i>R. mucosa</i> treatment in individuals with AD is warranted and implicate commensals in the maintenance of the skin epithelial barrier.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3084257556",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aaz8631",
    "source": "openalex_cites",
    "rows_extracted": 0
  },
  {
    "title": "Efficacy and safety of sodium hypochlorite (bleach) baths in patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis in <scp>M</scp>alaysia",
    "year": 2013,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.12265",
    "abstract": "Staphylococcus aureus is frequently found in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and contributes to disease exacerbation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of bleach baths as an adjunctive treatment in AD patients. Patients between 2 and 30 years old with moderate to severe AD were enrolled in a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Patients soaked in diluted bleach or distilled water baths for 10 min, twice a week for 2 months. Efficacy assessments included the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) scores and S. aureus density was determined using quantitative bacterial cultures. Patients in the treatment group showed significant reductions in EASI scores. A 41.9% reduction in S. aureus density from baseline was seen at 1 month further reducing to 53.3% at 2 months. Equal numbers of patients in both groups experienced mild side-effects. This study demonstrates that diluted bleach baths clinically improved AD in as little as 1 month. No patient withdrew from the treatment arm because of intolerance to the baths.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W1981501328",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.12265",
    "source": "openalex_cites",
    "rows_extracted": 0
  },
  {
    "title": "Long‐term safety and efficacy of delgocitinib ointment, a topical Janus kinase inhibitor, in adult patients with atopic dermatitis",
    "year": 2019,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.15173",
    "abstract": "Previous studies demonstrated that delgocitinib ointment, a novel topical Janus kinase inhibitor, rapidly improved clinical signs and symptoms of atopic dermatitis (AD) in Japanese adult patients. We sought to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of delgocitinib 0.5% ointment in a 52-week study (QBA4-2). Japanese patients aged 16 years or older with AD received delgocitinib 0.5% ointment b.i.d. for up to 52 weeks. Topical corticosteroids for the treatment of worsening of AD could be used at the investigators' discretion during the treatment period. Safety end-points included the incidence and severity of adverse events (AEs). Pooled safety analyses included the data from the other long-term study (QBA4-1). Efficacy end-points included the percentage change from baseline in the modified Eczema Area and Severity Index (mEASI). A total of 506 patients were included in the pooled safety population. Overall, AEs were reported in 69.0% of patients; most AEs were mild and unrelated to delgocitinib ointment. The most common AE was nasopharyngitis, followed by contact dermatitis, acne, and application site folliculitis. No skin atrophy or telangiectasia was found at the application sites of delgocitinib ointment. Application site irritation symptoms were infrequent (<2%) and mild. The incidence of AEs did not increase over time, except for seasonal diseases. The improvement effects on AD as assessed by mEASI were maintained throughout the treatment period. Delgocitinib 0.5% ointment was well tolerated and effective when administrated to Japanese adult patients with AD for up to 52 weeks.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2996140352",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.15173",
    "source": "openalex_cites",
    "rows_extracted": 0
  },
  {
    "title": "Automatic detection and severity measurement of eczema using image processing",
    "year": 2016,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2016.7590961",
    "abstract": "Chronic skin diseases like eczema may lead to severe health and financial consequences for patients if not detected and controlled early. Early measurement of disease severity, combined with a recommendation for skin protection and use of appropriate medication can prevent the disease from worsening. Current diagnosis can be costly and time-consuming. In this paper, an automatic eczema detection and severity measurement model are presented using modern image processing and computer algorithm. The system can successfully detect regions of eczema and classify the identified region as mild or severe based on image color and texture feature. Then the model automatically measures skin parameters used in the most common assessment tool called \"Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI),\" by computing eczema affected area score, eczema intensity score, and body region score of eczema allowing both patients and physicians to accurately assess the affected skin.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2536954140",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1109/embc.2016.7590961",
    "source": "openalex_cites",
    "rows_extracted": 0
  },
  {
    "title": "Quality of Life and Psychological Impact in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis",
    "year": 2021,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10061298",
    "abstract": "Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a dermatological disorder that affects patients' mental health and psychological state in complex ways. The importance of understanding the entire scope of this burden is well recognized, but there is limited comprehensive information about the resulting stress on adult patients with AD. This study aimed to determine the degree of psychological stress in patients with AD compared to healthy participants. A total of 352 adult patients participated in this cross-sectional study-174 with AD and 178 healthy participants. Demographic and clinical data were collected. Itch and sleep disturbance were assessed using a numeric rating scale and a visual analogue scale. The 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaires were administered to assess the symptoms of alexithymia and depression. Quality of life (QOL) was assessed in AD patients using the Dermatology Quality Index. In our study, we found high TAS-20 and BDI scores among patients with AD. The prevalence of alexithymic personality features was 56.3% in patients with AD versus 21.3% in healthy controls (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Based on BDI scoring (BDI-21 > 13), depression was suspected in a significantly higher number of patients with AD than in the control group (56.9% (99/174) vs. 15.7% (28/178); <i>p</i> < 0.0001). Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) score did not show any significant correlations with psychological parameters. Among clinical parameters, only sleep disturbance was positively correlated with depression (R = 0.307, <i>p</i> < 0.005). Our data show that the severity index score as a representative factor of skin involvement has a limited role in predicting the effect of skin diseases on mental status. Screening and assessment for psychiatric disorders, QOL, and sleep disturbance in patients with atopic dermatitis cannot be neglected by physicians and they should be treated in clinical practice with the consideration of psychosomatic approaches.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3138573566",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10061298",
    "source": "openalex_cites",
    "rows_extracted": 0
  },
  {
    "title": "Skin pH–dependent <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> abundance as predictor for increasing atopic dermatitis severity",
    "year": 2020,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/all.14461",
    "abstract": "Skin pH is tightly regulated by intrinsic factors and limits the abundance of S aureus. High baseline S aureus abundance in turn predicts an increase in AD severity over the study period. This underlines the importance and potential of sustained intervention regarding the skin pH and urges for larger studies linking skin pH and skin S aureus abundance to understand driving factors of disease progression.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3036377301",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1111/all.14461",
    "source": "openalex_cites",
    "rows_extracted": 0
  },
  {
    "title": "Relationship between EASI and SCORAD severity assessments for atopic dermatitis",
    "year": 2017,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2017.04.052",
    "abstract": "",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2626559756",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2017.04.052",
    "source": "openalex_cites",
    "rows_extracted": 0
  },
  {
    "title": "Hair Zinc Levels and the Efficacy of Oral Zinc Supplementation in Patients with Atopic Dermatitis",
    "year": 2014,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.2340/00015555-1772",
    "abstract": "Zinc deficiency in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and the use of zinc supplementation is still controversial. We measured hair zinc levels in 58 children with AD and 43 controls (age range 2-14 years). We also investigated the efficacy of oral zinc supplementation in AD patients with low hair zinc levels by comparing eczema assessment severity index (EASI), transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and visual analogue scales for pruritus and sleep disturbance in patients receiving zinc supplementation (Group A) and others not receiving supplementation (Group B). At baseline, the mean zinc level was significantly reduced in AD patients (113.1 μg/g vs. 130.9 μg/g, p = 0.012). After 8 weeks of supplement, hair zinc level increased significantly in Group A (p < 0.001), and EASI scores, TEWL, and visual analogue scales for pruritus improved more in Group A than in Group B (p = 0.044, 0.015 and < 0.001, respectively). Thus, oral zinc supplementation may be effective in AD patients with low hair zinc levels.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2096493634",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.2340/00015555-1772",
    "source": "openalex_cites",
    "rows_extracted": 0
  },
  {
    "title": "What are the best endpoints for Eczema Area and Severity Index and Scoring Atopic Dermatitis in clinical practice? A prospective observational study*",
    "year": 2020,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.19457",
    "abstract": "EASI 50, SCORAD 35 and O-SCORAD 35 were meaningful percentage MICs regardless of baseline AD severity. The absolute MICs for EASI, SCORAD and O-SCORAD varied by baseline AD severity.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3047057201",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.19457",
    "source": "openalex_cites",
    "rows_extracted": 1
  },
  {
    "title": "The efficacy and safety of upadacitinib treatment for moderate to severe atopic dermatitis in real‐world practice in Japan",
    "year": 2022,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.16549",
    "abstract": "We evaluated the efficacy and safety of upadacitinib, janus kinase 1 inhibitor for atopic dermatitis (AD) in real-world practice. From September 2021 to March 2022, 31 patients with moderate-to-severe AD, aged ≥12 years were treated with oral upadacitinib 15 mg/day plus topical corticosteroids. Upadacitinib reduced clinical indexes compared to baseline levels: percent reduction at week 4 and 12 (median) was 73.6% and 85.6% in eczema area and severity index (EASI); 81.3% and 81.3% in AD control tool (ADCT); and 70% and 75% in peak pruritus numerical rating score (PP-NRS), respectively. The achievement rate of EASI 75 was 51.6% and 67.7% at week 4 and 12, respectively. Upadacitinib reduced serum lactate dehydrogenase and total eosinophil count (TEC) at week 4 and 12, and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine and immunoglobulin E at week 4, compared to baseline levels. Percent reduction of TEC was correlated with that of EASI at week 4 and 12. Baseline TEC was positively correlated with the percent reduction of EASI at week 4. Percent reduction of EASI in female patients was higher than that in male patients at week 4 and 12. Linear multivariate regression analyses revealed that high percent reduction of EASI at week 4 or 12 was associated with high baseline TEC or female gender, respectively. There were no serious treatment-emergent adverse events. Adverse events include acne (5%), elevation of creatine phosphokinase (9.7%), herpes zoster (1%), and AD (1%). Upadacitinib plus topical corticosteroids for patients with AD in the real-world practice was well tolerated and gave therapeutic effects comparable with those in previous clinical trials. The ADCT and PP-NRS rapidly reduced at week 4 while EASI gradually reduced until week 12. The TEC might act both as a predictive factor of response at week 4 and as a biomarker reflecting therapeutic effects in upadacitinib treatment for AD.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4294071746",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1111/1346-8138.16549",
    "source": "openalex_cites",
    "rows_extracted": 4
  },
  {
    "title": "Overview of Atopic Dermatitis in Different Ethnic Groups",
    "year": 2023,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12072701",
    "abstract": "Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease with a high prevalence worldwide, including countries from Asia, Africa, and Latin America, and in different ethnic groups. In recent years, more attention has been placed on the heterogeneity of AD associated with multiple factors, including a patient's ethnic background, resulting in an increasing body of clinical, genetic, epidemiologic, and immune-phenotypic evidence that delineates differences in AD among racial groups. Filaggrin (FLG) mutations, the strongest genetic risk factor for the development of AD, are detected in up to 50% of European and 27% of Asian AD patients, but very rarely in Africans. Th2 hyperactivation is a common attribute of all ethnic groups, though the Asian endotype of AD is also characterized by an increased Th17-mediated signal, whereas African Americans show a strong Th2/Th22 signature and an absence of Th1/Th17 skewing. In addition, the ethnic heterogeneity of AD may hold important therapeutic implications as a patient's genetic predisposition may affect treatment response and, thereby, a tailored strategy that better targets the dominant immunologic pathways in each ethnic subgroup may be envisaged. Nevertheless, white patients with AD represent the largest ethnicity enrolled and tested in clinical trials and the most treated in a real-world setting, limiting investigations about safety and efficacy across different ethnicities. The purpose of this review is to describe the heterogeneity in the pathophysiology of AD across ethnicities and its potential therapeutic implications.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4362616138",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12072701",
    "source": "openalex_cites",
    "rows_extracted": 0
  },
  {
    "title": "Tricks with Hicks: The EASI Demand System",
    "year": 2009,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.99.3.827",
    "abstract": "We invent Implicit Marshallian demands, which combine desirable features of Hicksian and Marshallian demands. We propose and estimate the Exact Affine Stone Index (EASI) implicit Marshallian demand system. Like the Almost Ideal Demand (AID) system, EASI budget shares are linear in parameters given real expenditures. However, unlike the AID, EASI demands can have any rank and its Engel curves can have any shape over real expenditures. EASI error terms equal random utility parameters to account for unobserved preference heterogeneity. EASI demand functions can be estimated using GMM or three stage least squares, and, like AID, an approximate EASI model can be estimated by linear regression. (JEL D11, D12)",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W3121128188",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.99.3.827",
    "source": "openalex_related",
    "rows_extracted": 0
  },
  {
    "title": "Easi-CRISPR: a robust method for one-step generation of mice carrying conditional and insertion alleles using long ssDNA donors and CRISPR ribonucleoproteins",
    "year": 2017,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-017-1220-4",
    "abstract": "Easi-CRISPR solves the major problem of animal genome engineering, namely the inefficiency of targeted DNA cassette insertion. The approach is robust, succeeding for all tested loci. It is versatile, generating both conditional and targeted insertion alleles. Finally, it is highly efficient, as treating an average of only 50 zygotes is sufficient to produce a correctly targeted allele in up to 100% of live offspring. Thus, Easi-CRISPR offers a comprehensive means of building large-scale Cre-LoxP animal resources.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2614850398",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-017-1220-4",
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  {
    "title": "Deriving the 12-lead electrocardiogram from four (EASI) electrodes",
    "year": 1988,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0736(88)90090-8",
    "abstract": "",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2092480860",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0736(88)90090-8",
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  },
  {
    "title": "Emotional influence at work: Take it EASI",
    "year": 2012,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/2041386612454911",
    "abstract": "Research on emotions in organizations has traditionally taken an intrapersonal approach, examining how an organization member’s emotions influence his or her own cognitions, attitudes, and behavior. We argue that a full understanding of the role of emotions in organizations requires a complementary focus on their interpersonal effects—that is, how one worker’s emotions influence the feelings, cognitions, attitudes, and behavior of others. We advance Emotions as Social Information (EASI) theory, which posits that emotional expressions exert interpersonal effects by triggering affective reactions and/or inferential processes in targets, depending on the target’s information processing and the perceived appropriateness of the emotional expression. We review evidence from four domains of organizational behavior: customer service, group decision making, negotiation, and leadership. We call for new research that examines emotions in greater detail (discrete emotions, intensity, authenticity), studies different settings (organizational change, personnel selection), and considers temporal dynamics (frequency, long-term outcomes).",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2321419468",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1177/2041386612454911",
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    "rows_extracted": 0
  },
  {
    "title": "Easi-CRISPR for creating knock-in and conditional knockout mouse models using long ssDNA donors",
    "year": 2017,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2017.153",
    "abstract": "",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2777434339",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1038/nprot.2017.153",
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    "rows_extracted": 1
  },
  {
    "title": "EASI-FISH for thick tissue defines lateral hypothalamus spatio-molecular organization",
    "year": 2021,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2021.11.024",
    "abstract": "",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W4200574769",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2021.11.024",
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    "rows_extracted": 0
  },
  {
    "title": "EASI, (objective) SCORAD and POEM for atopic eczema: responsiveness and minimal clinically important difference",
    "year": 2011,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02719.x",
    "abstract": "The objective SCORAD and SCORAD showed a fair responsiveness. The MCIDs are an important prerequisite for the interpretation of published eczema trials and for the planning/sample size estimation of future trials.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W1583257755",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02719.x",
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  },
  {
    "title": "Petroleomics by EASI(±) FT-ICR MS",
    "year": 2010,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/ac100673v",
    "abstract": "An ambient ionization/desorption technique, namely, easy ambient sonic-spray ionization mass spectrometry (EASI), has been applied to crude oil samples. From a single droplet of the sample placed on an inert surface, EASI(+/-) is shown to promote efficient desorption and ionization of a myriad of polar components via the action of its cloud of very minute supersonic bipolar charged droplets. The gaseous [M + H](+) and [M - H](-) ions concurrently formed by EASI(+/-) were analyzed by Fourier transform mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), and a total of approximately 6000 acidic and basic components have been attributed. EASI(+/-) FT-ICR MS of crude oils is show to be almost as fast as ESI(+)/ESI(-) FT-ICR MS, providing similar compositional information of polar components and spectral quality comparable to that of a commercial nonochip-based robotic ESI device. EASI(+/-) requires no sample workup thus eliminating risks of contamination during sample manipulation and memory effects because of carry over in pumping ESI lines. More importantly, EASI(+/-) is a voltage-free ionization technique therefore eliminating risks of redox processes or duality of ionization mechanisms that can be observed in voltage-assisted processes. Data visualization via typical petroleomic plots confirms the similarity of the compositional information provided by EASI(+/-) compared to ESI(+)/ESI(-). The ambient EASI(+/-) FT-ICR MS method requires no voltage switching in changing the ion polarity mode, offering a workup, heating and voltage-free protocol for petroleomic studies performed at open atmosphere directly on the undisturbed crude oil sample.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2041570745",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1021/ac100673v",
    "source": "openalex_related",
    "rows_extracted": 0
  },
  {
    "title": "An effective algorithm for computing global sensitivity indices (EASI)",
    "year": 2009,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2009.11.005",
    "abstract": "",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2116572416",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2009.11.005",
    "source": "openalex_related",
    "rows_extracted": 0
  },
  {
    "title": "Development and Validation of a Tool to Improve Physician Identification of Elder Abuse: The Elder Abuse Suspicion Index (EASI)©",
    "year": 2008,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/08946560801973168",
    "abstract": "This study aimed to develop and validate a brief tool for physician use to improve suspicion about the presence or absence of elder abuse. A literature review on elder abuse, obstacles to its identification, limitations of detection tools, and characteristics of screeners employed by physicians were used to generate elder abuse detection questions for critique by 31 doctors, nurses, and social workers in focus groups. Six resulting questions became the Elder Abuse Suspicion Index (EASI) administered by 104 family doctors to 953 cognitively intact seniors in ambulatory-care settings. Findings were compared to a recognized, detailed elder abuse Social Work Evaluation (SWE) later administered to participants by social workers blinded to the results of the EASI. The EASI had an estimated sensitivity and specificity of 0.47 and 0.75, usually took less than 2 minutes to ask, and 97.2% of doctors felt it would have some or big practice impact. This research is a first phase in the development and validation of a user-friendly tool that might sensitize physicians to elder abuse and promote referrals of possible victims for in-depth assessment by specialized professionals.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W1975804594",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1080/08946560801973168",
    "source": "openalex_related",
    "rows_extracted": 1
  },
  {
    "title": "Understanding the positive and negative effects of emotional expressions in organizations: EASI does it",
    "year": 2014,
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726713510329",
    "abstract": "Emotions have a pervasive impact on organizational behavior. They do not just influence people’s own actions; when expressed, emotions may also exert influence on other organization members who perceive the expressions. Sometimes emotional expressions have ‘symmetrical’ effects, in that positive expressions yield advantageous outcomes for the expresser, while negative expressions produce disadvantageous outcomes. In other cases effects are ‘asymmetrical’, such that negative emotional expressions generate beneficial outcomes for the expresser, while positive expressions produce detrimental outcomes. Drawing on Emotions as Social Information (EASI) theory, I develop a theoretical analysis of when and how expressions of anger and happiness generate symmetrical versus asymmetrical effects. I support my analysis with a review of empirical research on the interpersonal effects of anger and happiness in negotiations and leadership. This review permits two general conclusions: (1) symmetrical effects of anger and happiness are mediated by affective reactions of perceivers, whereas asymmetrical effects are mediated by inferential processes in perceivers; (2) the relative strength of affective reactions versus inferential processes (and thereby the likelihood of symmetrical versus asymmetrical effects) depends on the perceiver’s information processing motivation and ability and on the perceived appropriateness of the emotional display. I discuss theoretical implications and future directions.",
    "openalex_id": "https://openalex.org/W2155365764",
    "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726713510329",
    "source": "openalex_related",
    "rows_extracted": 0
  }
]