v1g: 300K Multimodal Reasoning Traces with Interleaved Grounding

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v1g is the full training dataset for v1 (accepted at COLM 2026): [N_ITEMS] multimodal reasoning traces with interleaved visual grounding annotations. Each trace is a long-chain reasoning solution to a visual (mostly mathematical) problem in which the model explicitly points at image regions via detect(...) calls, linking every referenced object to a bounding box.

Introduction

When thinking with images, humans rarely rely on a single glance: they revisit visual evidence while reasoning. In contrast, most Multimodal Language Models encode an image once to key-value cache and then reason purely in text, making it hard to re-ground intermediate steps. v1 is a lightweight extension for active visual referencing via point-and-copy: the model selects relevant image patches and copies their embeddings back into the reasoning stream. v1g provides the 300K grounded reasoning traces used to train this behavior.

Schema

Field	Type	Description
id	string	unique example id
image	Image	the problem image
conversations	list of {from, value}	ShareGPT-style: human turn (question, prefixed with <image>\n) and gpt turn (grounded reasoning trace)
regions	string (JSON)	mapping from pointer tokens <|objK|> to [x1, y1, x2, y2] boxes in image_size coordinates
image_size	[width, height]	coordinate space of regions
num_tokens	int	approximate token count of the trace

Inside a trace, the model grounds objects with lines such as

detect(query="tangent line AB", objects=["<obj1><|obj1|>"])

and later refers back to <obj1> while reasoning. The <|objK|> tokens are the pointer targets whose boxes are stored in regions.

How to use

from datasets import load_dataset

ds = load_dataset("kjunh/v1g", split="train")
example = ds[0]
example["image"].show()

To reproduce v1-7B training, install the training dependencies from the code release. The trainer reads the Parquet dataset directly from the Hub; no JSON or PNG materialization step is required:

pip install -r requirements.txt -r requirements-train.txt
bash train.sh

A 100-item subset for quick browsing is available at kjunh/v1g-sample.

License and provenance

The v1g annotations (reasoning traces and grounding boxes) are released under Apache-2.0. The underlying images are drawn from the source pool used to construct the training data, including MathV360K, MAVIS Math MetaGen, IconQA, Geo170K, RAVEN, TabMWP, Geometry3K, GeomVerse, and Cambrian Math. Images retain the licenses and terms of their respective source datasets; users are responsible for complying with those terms. See the paper for full construction details.

Citation

@misc{chung2025v1learningpointvisual,
      title={v1: Learning to Point Visual Tokens for Multimodal Grounded Reasoning}, 
      author={Jiwan Chung and Junhyeok Kim and Siyeol Kim and Jaeyoung Lee and Min Soo Kim and Youngjae Yu},
      year={2025},
      eprint={2505.18842},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.18842}, 
}